ArticleJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI2022
Imaging Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Through MRI in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease: A Feasibility Study.
Article in Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cerebral Blood Transit in Sickle Cell Anemia.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
- Associations Between Sickle Cell Disease, Pica, and Enuresis in Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Breakdown of Neurovascular Barriers: Molecular Mechanisms of Tight Junction Dysfunction.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Blood-Brain barrier disruption in long COVID and cognitive correlates: A cross-sectional MRI study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Uncovering the impact of the cardiovascular system on cerebrovascular health using MRI.Experimental physiology · 2025Review
- Shaking into deficits: investigating behavioural and neuropathological outcomes associated with a novel preclinical model of infant abusive head trauma.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Blood-brain barrier breakdown in COVID-19 ICU survivors: an MRI pilot study.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2023Article
- Blood-brain barrier water exchange measurements using contrast-enhanced ASL.NMR in biomedicine · 2023Article
- Blood-brain barrier water exchange measurements using FEXI: Impact of modeling paradigm and relaxation time effects.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2023Article
- Red cell exchange transfusions increase cerebral capillary transit times and may alter oxygen extraction in sickle cell disease.NMR in biomedicine · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption may lead to endothelium dysfunction and inflammation in sickle cell disease (SCD). However, abnormalities of BBB in SCD, especially in pediatric patients for whom contrast agent administration less than optimal, have not been fully characterized. PURPOSE: To examine BBB permeability to water in a group of pediatric SCD participants using a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging technique. We hypothesized that SCD participants will have increased BBB permeability. STUDY TYPE: Prospective cross-sectional. POPULATION: Twenty-six pediatric participants (10 ± 1 years, 15F/11M) were enrolled, including 21 SCD participants and 5 sickle cell trait (SCT) participants, who were siblings of SCD patients. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3 T. Water extraction with phase-contrast arterial spin tagging with echo-planer imaging, phase-contrast and T ASSESSMENT: Water extraction fraction (E), BBB permeability-surface area product (PS), cerebral blood flow, hematological measures (hemoglobin, hematocrit, hemoglobin S), neuropsychological scores (including domains of intellectual ability, attention and executive function, academic achievement and adaptive function, and a composite score). Regions of interest were drawn by Z.L. (6 years of experience). STATISTICAL TESTS: Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-square test for group comparison of demographics. Multiple linear regression analysis of PS with diagnostic category (SCD or SCT), hematological measures, and neuropsychological scores. A two-tailed P value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant.
resultsCompared with SCT participants, SCD participants had a significantly higher BBB permeability to water (SCD: 207.0 ± 33.3 mL/100 g/minute, SCT: 171.2 ± 27.2 mL/100 g/minute). SCD participants with typically more severe phenotypes also had a significantly leakier BBB than those with typically milder phenotypes (severe: 217.3 ± 31.7 mL/100 g/minute, mild: 193.3 ± 31.8 mL/100 g/minute). Furthermore, more severe BBB disruption was associated with worse hematological symptoms, including lower hemoglobin concentrations (β = -8.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-14.69, -3.00]), lower hematocrits (β = -2.96, 95% CI [-4.84, -1.08]), and higher hemoglobin S fraction (β = 0.77, 95% CI [0.014, 1.53]). DATA
conclusionThese findings support a potential role for BBB dysfunction in SCD pathogenesis of ischemic injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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