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ArticleTobacco regulatory science2020

Observed Circumvention of the Gutka Smokeless Tobacco Ban in Mumbai, India.

Keyuri Adhikari, Mangesh S Pednekar, Irina Stepanov, Arjun Singh, Sampada Nikam, Hitesh Singhavi, Vikram Gota, Jasjit S Ahluwalia, Pankaj Chaturvedi, Prakash C Gupta and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco regulatory science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Beyond Gutka: Evidence of Illegal Smokeless Tobacco in Rural and Semi-urban Areas in India.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022
    Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Keyuri AdhikariKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Mangesh S PednekarKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Irina StepanovKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Arjun SinghKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Sampada NikamKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Hitesh SinghaviKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Vikram GotaKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Jasjit S AhluwaliaKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Pankaj ChaturvediKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Prakash C GuptaKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Samir S KhariwalaKeyuri Adhikari, Research Fellow, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Mangesh Pednekar, Director, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Prakash C. Gupta, Healis-Sehksaria Institute of Public Health, Mumbai, India. Arjun Singh, Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Sampada Nikam, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Vikram Gota, Associate Professor, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Professor Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Professor, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. Irina Stepanov, Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Samir S. Khariwala, Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Funding

Analytical capacity building for the study of tobacco carcinogen exposures in IndiaR01TW010651 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI CHATURVEDI, PANKAJ, KHARIWALA, SAMIR S · 2017 to 2021
$1.4M
FIC NIH HHS R01 TW010651
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesGutka is industrially manufactured in India and some Indian states have instituted bans on the sale of manufactured gutka as a public health initiative. We explored whether gutka was still available for purchase after the ban and also sought to observe methods of ban circumvention.

methodsWe visited 5 different markets at different locations separated by at least 15-20 km around the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) area, consisting of Mumbai and its satellite towns in Maharashtra, India during August- September, 2019. In each location, purveyors were queried as to the availability of gutka.

resultsTobacco purchases were made in 5 locations/sections of MMR. At all markets, banned gutka was not displayed , and could only be purchased after requesting from the shopkeeper. Three methods of ban circumvention were observed: (1) packages marked 'export only'; (2) use of twin packaging in which pan masala and tobacco are sold together for immediate mixing to create gutka; and, (3) non-descript packaging without mention of 'gutka'.

conclusionsAlthough not readily displayed in shops, gutka is readily available in MMR, despite a statewide ban in Maharashtra. Marketers have used multiple methods to circumvent the statewide gutka ban.

Indexed as

gutkagutka banIndiaregulation circumventionsmokeless tobacco

Identifiers

PMID34676280
PMCPMC8528234

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