Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34675637›Full record

ReviewJournal of pain research2021

Evaluation and Management of Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome with an Overview of Surgical Approaches: A Comprehensive Review.

Christine Lim, Yasaman Kavousi, Ying Wei Lum, Paul J Christo

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of pain research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Congenital first and second rib fusion causing neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome in an adolescent.Journal of vascular surgery cases and innovative techniques · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christine LimDivision of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Yasaman KavousiDivision of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Ying Wei LumDivision of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Paul J ChristoDivision of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Johns Hopkins Medicine · USJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (NTOS) represents a disorder believed to involve compression of one or more neurovascular elements as they exit the thoracic outlet. This comprehensive literature review will focus on the occurrence, classification, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic measures, and both nonoperative and operative therapies for NTOS. NTOS represents the most common subtype of thoracic outlet syndrome and can significantly impair quality of life. Botulinum toxin injection into the anterior scalene muscle, or even the middle scalene or pectoralis minor muscles, can reduce the symptoms of this syndrome. The best available evidence for botulinum toxin therapy to the cervicothoracic muscles supports the value of this treatment for reducing pain in the affected extremity, and for an approximate duration of 2 months or more. Surgical approaches and newer minimally invasive surgical approaches offer high rates of improvement in select centers.

Indexed as

anterior scalene musclebrachial plexuscompression neuropathyneurogenic thoracic outlet syndromethoracic outlet syndrome

Identifiers

PMID34675637
PMCPMC8502052
OpenAlexW3202371883

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.