ArticleScientific reports2021
Rather than inducing psychological reactance, requiring vaccination strengthens intentions to vaccinate in US populations.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improving COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Black Populations: A Systematic Review of Strategies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Boomerang effects of vaccination promotion and the roles of psychological reactance, message fatigue, and social norms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Promoting Vaccination and Public Health Resilience, a Narrative Review.Vaccines · 2024Review
- An Experimental Study on how Messaging from CDC Affects Attitudes toward Mandatory MMR Vaccination for Schoolchildren.Journal of community health · 2024Article
- Health Communication and Behavioral Change During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2024Article
- Do COVID-19 Vaccination Policies Backfire? The Effects of Mandates, Vaccination Passports, and Financial Incentives on COVID-19 Vaccination.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2024Review
- Determinants of behaviour and their efficacy as targets of behavioural change interventions.Nature reviews. Psychology · 2024Article
- Estimated public health impact of concurrent mask mandate and vaccinate-or-test requirement in Illinois, October to December 2021.BMC public health · 2024Article
- US state vaccine mandates did not influence COVID-19 vaccination rates but reduced uptake of COVID-19 boosters and flu vaccines compared to bans on vaccine restrictions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Psychological reactance, misinformation, and distrust: A mixed methods analysis of COVID-19 vaccine uptake.Journal of clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Direct Support Professionals and COVID-19 Vaccination: A Comparison of Vaccinated Early Adopters and In-Betweeners.Intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2023Article
- Assessing the impact of COVID-19 passes and mandates on disease transmission, vaccination intention, and uptake: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Intellectual Humility and Responsiveness to Public Health Recommendations.Personality and individual differences · 2023Article
- How people use information about changes in infections and disease prevalence.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2023Article
- The Psychology of COVID-19 Booster Hesitancy, Acceptance and Resistance in Australia.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Increases In COVID-19 Vaccination Among NYC Municipal Employees After Implementation Of Vaccination Requirements.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2023Article
- Direct Support Professionals and COVID-19 Vaccination: A Comparison of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Direct Support Professionals.Intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2023Article
- Explaining demographic differences in COVID-19 vaccination stage in the United States - April-May 2021.Preventive medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In a survey and three experiments (one preregistered with a nationally representative sample), we examined if vaccination requirements are likely to backfire, as commonly feared. We investigated if relative to encouraging free choice in vaccination, requiring a vaccine weakens or strengthens vaccination intentions, both in general and among individuals with a predisposition to experience psychological reactance. In the four studies, compared to free choice, requirements strengthened vaccination intentions across racial and ethnic groups, across studies, and across levels of trait psychological reactance. The results consistently suggest that fears of a backlash against vaccine mandates may be unfounded and that requirements will promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the United States.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.