Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34675193›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Asthma-associated genetic variants induce IL33 differential expression through an enhancer-blocking regulatory region.

Ivy Aneas, Donna C Decker, Chanie L Howard, Débora R Sobreira, Noboru J Sakabe, Kelly M Blaine, Michelle M Stein, Cara L Hrusch, Lindsey E Montefiori, Juan Tena and 13 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Targeting IL-33 in Precision Neuroimmunology: Cellular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for CNS Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026
    Review
  3. Context-specific genetic effects inform endotypes and treatment in asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Updated therapeutics of asthma.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Asthma-Genomic Advances Toward Risk Prediction.Clinics in chest medicine · 2024
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Ivy Aneas *Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. ianeas@bsd.uchicago.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2207-3991
Donna C Decker *Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Chanie L HowardCommittee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Débora R SobreiraDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2232-3922
Noboru J SakabeDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Kelly M BlaineDepartment of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Michelle M SteinDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7680-9012
Cara L HruschDepartment of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Lindsey E MontefioriDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Juan TenaCentro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CSIC/UPO/JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8165-7984
Kevin M MagnayeDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9425-1825
Selene M ClayDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7204-9570
James E GernDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6667-4708
Daniel J JacksonDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
Matthew C AltmanDivision of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1784-8505
Edward T NaureckasDepartment of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Douglas K HogarthDepartment of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Steven R WhiteDepartment of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Jose Luis Gomez-SkarmetaCentro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CSIC/UPO/JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain.
Nathan SchoetlerDepartment of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9851-6352
Carole OberDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Anne I Sperling *Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. asperlin@uchicago.edu.
Marcelo A Nóbrega *Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. nobrega@uchicago.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-2134-9661
University of Chicago · USCentro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo · ESUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

Inner City Asthma consortium 3 (ICAC3)UM1AI114271 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI GERN, JAMES E., JACKSON, DANIEL J · 2014 to 2021
$79.4M
Wisconsin Infant Study Cohort (WISC) ECHO Pediatric Follow-UpUG3OD023282 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI GERN, JAMES E. · 2016 to 2024
$19.3M
Project-003U19AI162310 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI Marcelo A. Nobrega, Carole Ober · 2021 to 2026
$10.6M
Regulation and expression of HLA-G in asthmatic airwaysU19AI095230 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI KRISHNAN, JERRY A. · 2011 to 2016
$10.5M
Sex-Specific Genetic Architecture of Asthma-Associated Quantitative TraitsR01HL085197 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI OBER, CAROLE · 2007 to 2015
$7.6M
Cardiomyopathy Genomes ProjectR01HL128075 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI MCNALLY, ELIZABETH M, NOBREGA, MARCELO A. · 2015 to 2023
$5.3M
Genetic adaptations to high altitudeR01HL119577 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI DI RIENZO, ANNA · 2014 to 2023
$4.9M
Functional Genomics of IL-33 Expression and Asthma RiskR01HL118758 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI NOBREGA, MARCELO A., SPERLING, ANNE I. · 2014 to 2017
$2.9M
Genetics of Asthma Sub-Phenotypes Impact Gene Regulation in Cell-Specific PatternsK08HL153955 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI SCHOETTLER, NATHAN R · 2020 to 2024
$785k
NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL153955NHLBI NIH HHS L30 HL154452NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL085197NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL118758NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL119577NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL128075NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI095230NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI162310NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI114271NIH HHS UG3 OD023282
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have implicated the IL33 locus in asthma, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we identify a 5 kb region within the GWAS-defined segment that acts as an enhancer-blocking element in vivo and in vitro. Chromatin conformation capture showed that this 5 kb region loops to the IL33 promoter, potentially regulating its expression. We show that the asthma-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1888909, located within the 5 kb region, is associated with IL33 gene expression in human airway epithelial cells and IL-33 protein expression in human plasma, potentially through differential binding of OCT-1 (POU2F1) to the asthma-risk allele. Our data demonstrate that asthma-associated variants at the IL33 locus mediate allele-specific regulatory activity and IL33 expression, providing a mechanism through which a regulatory SNP contributes to genetic risk of asthma.

Indexed as

Enhancer Elements, GeneticAllelesAnimalsAsthmaChromatinFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansInterleukin-33MaleMice, TransgenicOctamer Transcription Factor-1Polymorphism, Single NucleotidePromoter Regions, GeneticZebrafishChromatinInterleukin-33Octamer Transcription Factor-1

Identifiers

PMID34675193
PMCPMC8531453
OpenAlexW3206486794

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.