Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34674030›Full record

ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2022

Hyperreflective foci in the choroid of normal eyes.

Young Ho Kim, Jaeryung Oh

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Hyperreflective Choroidal Foci: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Fingerprint sign of the Henle fibre layer in epiretinal membrane: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Young Ho KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul, South Korea, 02841.
Jaeryung OhDepartment of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul, South Korea, 02841. ojr4991@korea.ac.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1036-6562
Korea University · KR

Funding

This work was supported by the Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) 1711137942This work was supported by the Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) KMDF_PR_20200901_0026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate hyperreflective choroidal foci (HCF) using en face swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and determine the factors that contribute to the distribution of HCF in normal eyes.

methodsIn this retrospective study, we included healthy eyes with a normal fundus. HCF were defined as hyperreflective spots on en face SS-OCT images. The number, mean area, total area, and circularity of the HCF were compared with various choroid measurements obtained using SS-OCT, SS-OCT angiography, and fundus photography.

resultsWe investigated 51 eyes from 51 patients. The mean patient age was 56.0 ± 14.7 years, and 32 (62.7%) were female. The number and total area of HCF did not differ between the female and male patients and the right and left eyes. The number of HCF was correlated with the stromal area of the choroid (r = 0.291, P = 0.040) and subfoveal choroidal vascularity index (r =  - 0.364, P = 0.009). The total area of HCF was correlated with the stromal area of the choroid (r = 0.283, P = 0.045). However, the number and total area of HCF were not correlated with age, degree of macular tessellation, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and choriocapillaris vascular density and flow void area.

conclusionHCF were observed in normal eyes, and their distribution was associated with the underlying stromal component of the choroid. The results of this study can be used as a reference for determining abnormal hyperreflective foci in the choroid of the eyes with various diseases.

Indexed as

ChoroidTomography, Optical CoherenceAdultAgedAngiographyFemaleFluorescein AngiographyFundus OculiHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesChoriocapillarisChoroidChoroidal vascularityFundus tessellationHyperreflective fociSwept-source optical coherence tomography

Identifiers

PMID34674030
OpenAlexW3206005769

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.