ArticleMedical hypotheses2021
Molecular docking of SARS-COV-2 Spike epitope sequences identifies heterodimeric peptide-protein complex formation with human Zo-1, TLR8 and brain specific glial proteins.
Article in Medical hypotheses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Intensifies Cerebrovascular Complications in Diabetic hACE2 Mice through RAAS and TLR Signaling Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Review
- Effects of spike protein and toxin-like peptides found in COVID-19 patients on human 3D neuronal/glial model undergoing differentiation: Possible implications for SARS-CoV-2 impact on brain development.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection of human brain microvascular endothelial cells leads to inflammatory activation through NF-κB non-canonical pathway and mitochondrial remodeling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection of human brain microvascular endothelial cells leads to inflammatory activation through NF-κB non-canonical pathway and mitochondrial remodeling.Research square · 2022Article
- Non-Productive Infection of Glial Cells with SARS-CoV-2 in Hamster Organotypic Cerebellar Slice Cultures.Viruses · 2022Article
- Could SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Be Responsible for Long-COVID Syndrome?Molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Targeting of Innate Immune Receptors Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-COV-2 infection causes severe respiratory tract illness leading to asphyxia and death. The onset of infection is associated with loss of smell, blurred vision, headache with bronchopulmonary symptoms. The clinical observations of neurological abnormalities lead us to address the question, does the virus enter into brain and what is the underlying mechanism of brain infection? The working hypothesis is, SARS-COV-2 Spike epitopes modify blood brain barrier and infect glial cells to induce brain inflammation in genetically diverse human population. The hypothesis is tested by determining binding or interacting ability of virus Spike epitope peptides M1Lys60 and Ala240Glu300 with human toll-like receptor 8 (TLR 8), brain targeted Vascular Cell adhesion Molecules (VCAM1) proteins, Zonula Occludens (ZO), glial cell specific protein NDRG2 and Apo- S100B. The molecular dynamic experiments are performed, and root mean square deviation (RMSD) values are determined for interactions between the Spike peptides and selected proteins. The observations demonstrate formation of heterodimeric complex between the epitope peptides and selected protein structures. The viral epitopes have ability to bind with HLA-DRB1 15:01, 07:01 or 03.01 alleles thus found immunogenic in nature. The observations altogether suggest entry of these Spike protein epitopes into human brain causes inflammation.
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