Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34672743›Full record

ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2021

Social agent identity cells in the prefrontal cortex of interacting groups of primates.

Raymundo Báez-Mendoza, Emma P Mastrobattista, Amy J Wang, Ziv M Williams

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Primate neuroethology: a new synthesis.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Neural Bases of Collective Social Behavior and Group Interactions across Species.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Distinct neural dynamics in the ventral hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex during social information processing.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Raymundo Báez-MendozaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5989-7647
Emma P MastrobattistaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Amy J WangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Ziv M WilliamsDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0017-0048

Funding

An Integrated Single-Neuronal, Population-, Local Network- and Stimulation-Based Prefrontal Investigation of Human Social CognitionU01NS121616 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI WILLIAMS, ZIV · 2021 to 2025
$4.0M
Neuroscience Resident Research ProgramUE5NS065743 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI SYDNEY S CASH, Ziv Williams · 2024 to 2026
$2.6M
Using game theory in primates to study the distributed neuronal and time-casual underpinnings of interactive social behaviorR01MH112846 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI WILLIAMS, ZIV · 2017 to 2021
$2.0M
Neuronal based prosthetic control of volitional movementR01HD059852 · NICHD · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI WILLIAMS, ZIV · 2009 to 2015
$2.0M
Studying Memory Retrieval at the Dynamic Neural Network LevelR01NS091390 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI WILLIAMS, ZIV · 2015 to 2019
$1.8M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD059852NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH112846NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS091390NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS121616NINDS NIH HHS UE5 NS065743
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ability to interact effectively within social groups is essential to primate and human behavior. Yet understanding the neural processes that underlie the interactive behavior of groups or by which neurons solve the basic problem of coding for multiple agents has remained a challenge. By tracking the interindividual dynamics of groups of three interacting rhesus macaques, we discover detailed representations of the groups’ behavior by neurons in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, reflecting not only the other agents’ identities but also their specific interactions, social context, actions, and outcomes. We show how these cells collectively represent the interaction between specific group members and their reciprocation, retaliation, and past behaviors. We also show how they influence the animals’ own upcoming decisions and their ability to form beneficial agent-specific interactions. Together, these findings reveal prefrontal neurons that code for the agency identity of others and a cellular mechanism that could support the interactive behavior of social groups.

Indexed as

Social IdentificationSocial InteractionAnimalsHumansMacaca mulattaMiceNeuronsPrefrontal CortexPrimatesReward

Identifiers

PMID34672743
PMCPMC8571805

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.