ReviewYonsei medical journal2021
In Vitro Models Mimicking Immune Response in the Skin.
Review in Yonsei medical journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances in immunocompetent human skin-on-chip models: Construction strategies and biomedical applications.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune pharmacotherapy across the skin-brain axis: mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and AI-enabled precision approaches.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Review
- Self-Assembled Skin Equivalents with Monoclonal CRISPR/Cas9-Modified N/TERT-1 Keratinocytes: A Cutting-Edge Model for Human Skin and its Diseases.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Advances in Bioprinting to Model Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- In vitro modelling of extracellular matrix changes during skin aging: from static 2D to 3D dynamic microphysiological systems.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Review
- Personalized Models of Biological Barriers and Their Diseases: Recent Progress with Organs-On-Chips.Advanced biology · 2026Review
- Co-culture of bone marrow-derived macrophages with aged primary myoblasts.Biology methods & protocols · 2026Article
- Skin innervation and itsFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Skin-on-chip: Quo vadis?APL bioengineering · 2025Review
- From Lab to Workplace: Efficacy of Skin Protection Creams Against Hydrophobic Working Materials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- From 1D microbiological assays to 3D advanced skin models: enhancing preclinical strategies to unravel the impact of bioactive textiles on the human skin microbiome.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Organoids/organs-on-chips towards biomimetic human artificial skin.Burns & trauma · 2025Review
- Review
- Development of immunocompetent full thickness skin tissue constructs to model skin fibrosis for high-throughput drug screening.Biofabrication · 2024Article
- Article
- Liposomes and Their Therapeutic Applications in Enhancing Psoriasis and Breast Cancer Treatments.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Determining the toxicological effects of indoor air pollution on both a healthy and an inflammatory-comprised model of the alveolar epithelial barrier in vitro.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2024Article
- A Platform for Testing the Biocompatibility of Implants: Silicone Induces a Proinflammatory Response in a 3D Skin Equivalent.Biomedicines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The skin is the first line of defense of our body, and it is composed of the epidermis and dermis with diverse immune cells. Various in vitro models have been investigated to recapitulate the immunological functions of the skin and to model inflammatory skin diseases. The simplest model is a two-dimensional (2D) co-culture system, which helps understand the direct and indirect cell-to-cell interactions between immune and structural cells; however, it has limitations when observing three-dimensional (3D) interactions or reproducing skin barriers. Conversely, 3D skin constructs can mimic the human skin characteristics in terms of epidermal and dermal structures, barrier functions, cell migration, and cell-to-cell interaction in the 3D space. Recently, as the importance of neuro-immune-cutaneous interactions in the inflammatory response is emerging, 3D skin constructs containing both immune cells and neurons are being developed. A microfluidic culture device called "skin-on-a-chip," which simulates the structures and functions of the human skin with perfusion, was also developed to mimic immune cell migration through the vascular system. This review summarizes the in vitro skin models with immune components, focusing on two highly prevalent chronic inflammatory skin diseases: atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. The development of these models will be valuable in studying the pathophysiology of skin diseases and evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of new drugs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.