Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34672027›Full record

ReviewAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2022

3D Bioprinting of Cell-Laden Hydrogels for Improved Biological Functionality.

Sarah M Hull, Lucia G Brunel, Sarah C Heilshorn

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
101citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

101 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Smart Bioinks for 4D Bioprinting: Requirements, Design, and Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Discrete 2D Material Programming for 3D Shaping and Morphogenesis-Inspired 4D Bioprinting.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Assessment of Bovine Collagen Manufactured via Cellular Agriculture.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Cell-Laden Supramolecular and Covalent Polymer Hydrogels for High-Shear Delivery: A Design of Experiments Approach.Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society · 2026
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sarah M HullDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Lucia G BrunelDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Sarah C HeilshornDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9801-6304

Funding

Injectable Hydrogels to Deliver Gene Therapy for Myocardial InfarctR01HL151997 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HEILSHORN, SARAH C · 2020 to 2023
$1.7M
Engineered matrix microarrays to enhance the regenerative potential of iPSC-derived endothelial cellsR01HL142718 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HEILSHORN, SARAH C, HUANG, NGAN F. · 2018 to 2021
$1.6M
Injectable Hydrogels to Protect Transplanted Cells from HypoxiaR01EB027666 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HEILSHORN, SARAH C, PLANT, GILES · 2019 to 2022
$1.4M
Engineered biomaterials to modulate cell-cell signaling for the robust expansion of stem cellsR01EB027171 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HEILSHORN, SARAH C · 2019 to 2022
$1.4M
Combinatorial matrix-mimetic recombinant proteins as engineered nerve guidance conduitsR21NS114549 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GEORGE, PAUL, HASTIE, TREVOR J. · 2020 to 2020
$436k
Engineered Protein Hydrogels to Modulate Adipose-derived Stromal Cell Secretome and Exosomes for Injectable Myocardial Infarction TherapyR21HL138042 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HEILSHORN, SARAH C · 2017 to 2018
$435k
Characterization of corneal stromal stem cells encapsulated within bioorthogonally crosslinked collagen gels for delivery to the ocular surfaceF31EY030731 · NEI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HULL, SARAH · 2019 to 2022
$131k
National Science Foundation CBET 2033302National Science Foundation DMR 1808415National Science Foundation DMR 2103812NEI NIH HHS F31 EY030731NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL142718NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL151997NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL138042NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB027171NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB027666NIH HHS F31 EY030731NIH HHS NIH NRSANIH HHS R01 EB027171NIH HHS R01 EB027666NIH HHS R01 HL142718NIH HHS R01 HL151997NIH HHS R21 HL138042NIH HHS R21 NS114549NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS114549
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The encapsulation of cells within gel-phase materials to form bioinks offers distinct advantages for next-generation 3D bioprinting. 3D bioprinting has emerged as a promising tool for patterning cells, but the technology remains limited in its ability to produce biofunctional, tissue-like constructs due to a dearth of materials suitable for bioinks. While early demonstrations commonly used viscous polymers optimized for printability, these materials often lacked cell compatibility and biological functionality. In response, advanced materials that exist in the gel phase during the entire printing process are being developed, since hydrogels are uniquely positioned to both protect cells during extrusion and provide biological signals to embedded cells as the construct matures during culture. Here, an overview of the design considerations for gel-phase materials as bioinks is presented, with a focus on their mechanical, biochemical, and dynamic gel properties. Current challenges and opportunities that arise due to the fact that bioprinted constructs are active, living hydrogels composed of both acellular and cellular components are also evaluated. Engineering hydrogels with consideration of cells as an intrinsic component of the printed bioink will enable control over the evolution of the living construct after printing to achieve greater biofunctionality.

Indexed as

BioprintingHydrogelsPolymersPrinting, Three-DimensionalTissue EngineeringHydrogelsPolymersbiofabricationbioinkbioprintinghydrogelregenerative medicinetissue engineering

Identifiers

PMID34672027
PMCPMC8988886

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.