SynthesisDrugs & aging2021
Safety and Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Older Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review of 48 Real-World Studies.
Synthesis in Drugs & aging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic literature review of real-world evidence on overall survival in cancer patients before and after the approval of anti-PD-(L)1 therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Hepatotoxicity in Cancer Immunotherapy: Diagnosis, Management, and Future Perspectives.Cancers · 2024Review
- Toxicity of Cancer Immunotherapies in Older Patients: Does Age Make a Difference?Drugs & aging · 2024Review
- Safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients aged over 80 years: a retrospective cohort study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Geriatric Oncology.Current oncology reports · 2024Review
- Hepatobiliary complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Review
- Incidence and Outcome of Neurologic Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Melanoma.Neurology · 2023Article
- Associated Factors to Efficacy and Tolerance of Immunotherapy in Older Patients with Cancer Aged 70 Years and Over: Impact of Coprescriptions.Drugs & aging · 2023Article
- Cardiotoxicity Secondary to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Elderly: Safety in Real-World Data.Cancers · 2023Article
- Article
- Management of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma in Older and Frail Patients: Have Novel Treatment Approaches Improved Their Care?Drugs & aging · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOver recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the clinical management and prognosis for most cancers. However, data on older patients in clinical trials are scarce.
objectiveWe performed a systematic review and pooled analysis of real-life studies to explore the efficacy and toxicity of ICIs in unselected older individuals in multiple tumor settings treated outside of clinical trials. PATIENTS AND
methodsWe searched articles, including prospective cohort studies, observational or retrospective series, or expanded access programs, published in English from 2010 to October 2020 in PubMed, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE. We excluded hematological malignancies.
resultsForty-eight studies met the predefined criteria and were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. We included 5524 patients. The pooled median overall survival was 8.9 (95% CI 7.3-10.5) and 14.3 (95% CI 11.3-17) months for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC: n = 17 studies; 95% in pretreated setting) and melanoma, respectively (n = 3). Median progression-free survival was 3.2 (95% CI 2.7-3.8) and 7.9 (95% CI 6.05-9.78) months for NSCLC and melanoma cohorts. Pooled rates of Grade 1-5 hepatitis, pneumonitis, hypothyroidism, and diarrhea were 5.3% (95% CI 3.7-7.6), 6% (95% CI 3.8-9.4), 8.3% (95% CI 5.4-12.5) and 7.6% (95% CI 5.7-10), respectively.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that ICIs could be safely administered in older individuals with comparable survival outcomes with respect to younger individuals. Future studies should include some form of geriatric assessment to improve patient stratification.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.