ReviewSubstance abuse : research and treatment2021
Current Substances Use Among Students in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 20-Years Evidence.
Review in Substance abuse : research and treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Substance use among young people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Khat consumption and undernutrition among adult population in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Pharmacological risks of khat-oral antidiabetic drug interactions among patients at Gondar university referral hospital.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence of problematic khat use and its associated factors among high school students in Legambo woreda, Ethiopia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- The lifetime prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among high school adolescents in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Review
- Mental health conditions of young ethiopians who use substances: a cross-sectional study in West Arsi zone.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Exposure to violence and associated factors among university students in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Substance use among young people in the West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Association Between Personality Traits and Substance Use Among Advanced Level Students in Western Province, Sri Lanka: A Cross-sectional Study.Addiction & health · 2024Article
- Exploring prevention and control mechanisms of youth substance use: a case of North Wollo and Waghimra, Northeast Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Viral suppression rate at operation triple zero (Otz) and regular art follow-Up programs and associated factors among adolescent clients of Addis Ababa Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Current alcohol, tobacco, and khat use and associated factors among adults living in Harari regional state, eastern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of psychoactive substances is one of the main public health issues worldwide. However, there is a lack of evidence on the magnitude of current substance use among students in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to provide comprehensive views of the current prevalence of substance use among students in Ethiopia.
methodsWe searched PubMed/Medline, Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative (HINARI), Google Scholar, and gray literature sources between 2000 and 2019. The prevalence of current substances with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated using the random-effects model. The results were presented using forest plots, and Cochrane
resultsA total of 1543 study articles were identified from electronic databases, and 32 cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of current use of at least 1 substance was 37.63% (95% CI: 33.66, 41.69), alcohol 27.61% (95% CI: 22.10, 33.48), khat 17.20% (95% CI: 14.03, 20.62), and smoking 9.74% (95% CI: 7.17, 12.64). The prevalence of any substance use in high school students versus university/college students was 41.55% (95% CI: 38.83, 44.29) versus 36.24% (95% CI: 32.37, 40.20), alcohol 24.21% (95% CI: 14.05, 36.11) versus 25.27% (95% CI: 19.76, 31.20), khat 13.82% (95% CI: 8.61, 20.02) versus 17.30% (95% CI:13.75, 21.16), and cigarette 8.30% (95% CI: 1.89, 18.60) versus 9.80% (95% CI: 7.32, 12.58). Meta-regression analysis revealed publication year, sample size, female proportion, and age were not significantly associated with the current use of substances.
conclusionOverall, the current substance use of any substance, alcohol, chewing khat, and smoking cigarettes was relatively high. A significant proportion of high school students were already using substances at an early age. Policymakers should formulate and implement regulations to control the pervasive use of substances by young people around educational institutions at all levels. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The protocol has been registered on 19 August 2019 on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with ID: CDR42019130560.
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Registered trials
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