ArticleBritish journal of cancer2022
Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in a population-based cohort study.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating Sex Hormone Levels and Survival in Men With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of liver cancer in a Swedish population-based cohort study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal trends, demographic disparities, and predictions to 2040 in gastrointestinal cancer mortality in the United States.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Sex Differences in Clinical Features and Survival Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer: A Comparative Study in the Korean Population.The world journal of men's health · 2025Article
- Menopause and gastrointestinal health and disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Sex differences in cancer incidence: prospective analyses in the UK Biobank.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- High Incidence of Esophageal Cancer in Women in Eritrea and Its Potential Link to Low Age at Menopause: Evidence from a 10-Year Retrospective Data Analysis.Journal of cancer epidemiology · 2024Article
- Genetic causal relationship between age at menarche and benign oesophageal neoplasia identified by a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The association between different hormone replacement therapy use and the incidence of lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2022Article
- Sex differences in cancer-specific survival for locally advanced esophageal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: A population-based analysis.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- Prognostic Nomogram for Predicting Long-Term Overall Survival of Esophageal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Plus Surgery: A Population-Based Study.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOesophageal adenocarcinoma is characterised by a strong male predominance. We aimed to test the hypothesis that menopausal hormonal therapy decreases the risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
methodsThis population-based cohort study included all women who used systemic menopausal hormonal therapy (exposed) in Sweden between 2005 and 2018. For each exposed participant, five randomly selected female age-matched non-users of menopausal hormonal therapy (unexposed) were included. Cox regression provided hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, smoking-related diagnoses, Helicobacter pylori eradication, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/aspirin, use of statins and hysterectomy.
resultsThe study included 296,964 users of menopausal hormonal therapy and 1,484,820 non-users. Ever-users of menopausal hormonal therapy had an overall decreased risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.97), which remained unchanged after further adjustment for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.97) and obesity/diabetes (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.63-0.98). Decreased HRs were indicated both in users of oestrogen only (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.60-1.12) and oestrogen combined with progestogen (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.56-1.00). The risk reduction was more pronounced in users younger than 60 years (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.86).
conclusionsMenopausal hormone therapy in women may decrease the risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
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Identifiers
34671128PMC8727583W3207302946What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.