ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2023
Humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in multiple sclerosis: the relevance of time since last rituximab infusion and first experience from sporadic revaccinations.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- ECTRIMS/EAN consensus on vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis: Improving immunization strategies in the era of highly active immunotherapeutic drugs.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Low risk of severe COVID-19 in vaccinated people with multiple sclerosis: a nationwide Norwegian study.BMJ neurology open · 2026Article
- Targeting the Neonatal Fc Receptor in Autoimmune Diseases: Pipeline and Progress.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- COVID-19 Vaccination Response in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Ofatumumab in the United States: A Medical Record Review.Neurology and therapy · 2024Article
- Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and humoral immune responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines among people who use drugs - in the light of tailored mitigating strategies.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Induced Antibody Responses in Patients with Neuroimmunological Disorders: A Real-World Experience.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Humoral Response to SARS-COV-2 Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Real-World Study.Neurology and therapy · 2024Article
- Immunosuppressants in dermatology on vaccine immunogenicity: a prospective cohort study of pemphigus patients in the pandemic.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Prior cycles of anti-CD20 antibodies affect antibody responses after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.JCI insight · 2023Article
- T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination differ by disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Frequency and Predictors of Relapses following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Interim Results from a Longitudinal Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Optimal time for COVID-19 vaccination in rituximab-treated dermatologic patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The optimal interval before receiving SARS-COV-2 vaccination for patients who have received Anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibodies.Virulence · 2022Review
- Expert-Agreed Practical Recommendations on the Use of Cladribine.Neurology and therapy · 2022Article
- Longitudinal COVID-19 immune trajectories in patients with neurological autoimmunity on anti-CD20 therapy.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
- Hybrid and vaccine-induced immunity against SAR-CoV-2 in MS patients on different disease-modifying therapies.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2022Article
- Multiple Sclerosis Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2022Review
- Immunogenicity and Safety of Standard and Third-Dose SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients Receiving Immunosuppressive Therapy.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe effect of disease-modifying therapies (DMT) on vaccine responses is largely unknown. Understanding the development of protective immunity is of paramount importance to fight the COVID-19 pandemic.
objectiveTo characterise humoral immunity after mRNA-COVID-19 vaccination of people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).
methodsAll pwMS in Norway fully vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 were invited to a national screening study. Humoral immunity was assessed by measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 SPIKE RBD IgG response 3-12 weeks after full vaccination, and compared with healthy subjects.
results528 pwMS and 627 healthy subjects were included. Reduced humoral immunity (anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG <70 arbitrary units) was present in 82% and 80% of all pwMS treated with fingolimod and rituximab, respectively, while patients treated with other DMT showed similar rates as healthy subjects and untreated pwMS. We found a significant correlation between time since the last rituximab dose and the development of humoral immunity. Revaccination in two seronegative patients induced a weak antibody response.
conclusionsPatients treated with fingolimod or rituximab should be informed about the risk of reduced humoral immunity and vaccinations should be timed carefully in rituximab patients. Our results identify the need for studies regarding the durability of vaccine responses, the role of cellular immunity and revaccinations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.