ArticleBMC rheumatology2021
Causal relationship between educational attainment and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a Mendelian randomization study.
Article in BMC rheumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Life behaviors, educational attainment, and risk for endometriosis: a Mendelian randomization study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic status, individual behaviors and risk for Lymphomas: a Mendelian randomization study.Journal of Cancer · 2024Article
- Causal effect of waist-to-hip ratio on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Rheumatoid arthritis study of the Egyptian College of Rheumatology (ECR): nationwide presentation and worldwide stance.Rheumatology international · 2023Article
- Predictive risk factors before the onset of familial rheumatoid arthritis: the Tatarstan cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- A Causal Relationship between Vitamin C Intake with Hyperglycemia and Metabolic Syndrome Risk: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic status, individual behaviors and risk for mental disorders: A Mendelian randomization study.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2022Article
- Inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEducational attainment is moderately heritable and inversely associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. However, the causality from educational attainment on rheumatoid arthritis remained unknown. Here, we aimed to determine whether educational attainment is causally associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by using Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
methodsSummary statistics data for RA were obtained from an available, published meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that included 14,361 RA cases and 43,923 controls of European ancestry. The instrumental variables for educational attainment were obtained from a GWAS meta-analysis that included over 1 million individuals (N = 1,131,881) of European ancestry. MR analyses were mainly performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analyses were further performed to test the robustness of the association using the weighted median method, MR-Egger, Cochran Q test, "leave-one-out" analysis and MR-PRESSO test.
resultsA total of 387 SNPs were employed as instrumental variables in our MR analysis. Genetically predicted higher educational attainment was associated with a significantly lower risk of RA using the IVW method (odds ratio [OR] = 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34-0.52; p = 1.78 × 10
conclusionsThe MR analysis supported a potential inverse causative relationship between educational attainment and the risk of RA.
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