ReviewBiology of sex differences2021
The roles of sex and gender in women's eye health disparities in the United States.
Review in Biology of sex differences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Sex differences in the risk of retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review, frequentist and Bayesian meta-analysis, and meta-regression.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2024Pooled it
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Association between ADHD and vision problems. A systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence and Associated Factors of Self-Reported Myopia Among Undergraduate Students in the Northern Region of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Single-cell atlas of the transcriptome and chromatin accessibility in the human retina.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Digital eye health and behavioral determinants of screen use among university students in the UAE.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Multimodal optical coherence tomography and angiography and serologic markers for accurate early diagnosis of dysthyroid optic neuropathy.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Patterns and correlates of visual impairment and ocular hypertension among older adults in the general Chinese population: results from the CKB Biobank.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Prevalence, Causes, and Risk Factors of Visual Impairment: Evidence from Duhknah, a Rural Community in Saudi Arabia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Enrolment characteristics in age-related macular degeneration clinical trials: a cross-sectional study.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Assessment of digital eye strain and its associated factors among school children in Palestine.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Cross-sectional association of oxidative balance score with cataract among US adults: NHANES 1999-2008.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the impact of controlling nutritional status score on diabetic retinopathy: findings of 2003-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The burden, causes, and determinants of blindness and vision impairment in Asia: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Risk Factors for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy and Its Subtypes.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- The Appropriateness of Medical Devices Is Strongly Influenced by Sex and Gender.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Long-Term Outcomes of Phacoemulsification Surgeries at ECWA Eye Hospital: A Prospective Clinical Cohort Study.Journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Sex differences in vision and hearing impairments across age and European regions : Findings from SHARE.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States, women are at a higher risk of developing vision impairment or a serious eye disease (such as age-related macular degeneration, thyroid eye disease, or chronic dry eye disease) than men. Disparities in eye diseases due to biology widen even further when considering factors such as social determinants of health; gaps in research data, literature, and policy; insufficient provider and patient education; and limitations in screening and treatment options. Sex and gender disparities in eye health are clinically under-addressed and burdensome on both patient quality of life and the health care and economic systems, resulting in a pressing population health issue that negatively impacts women.
designThe Society for Women's Health Research convened a working group of expert clinicians, researchers, and patient advocates to review the current state of science regarding sex and gender disparities in women's eye health, identify knowledge gaps and unmet needs, and explore better means to advance research, improve patient care, and raise awareness of key issues. DISCUSSION: The SWHR Women's Eye Health Working Group identified priority areas in research, clinical care, and education to reduce disparities and improve patient care in women's eye health. The working group recommends using a systems approach that incorporates a comprehensive research framework with a sex and gender lens to guide future work and that increases health care provider and public education, as well as engagement by expanding partnerships among ophthalmologic providers, researchers, and non-vision stakeholders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.