Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34669453›Full record

ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2022

Wildlife Symbiotic Bacteria Are Indicators of the Health Status of the Host and Its Ecosystem.

Maria Bravo, Theo Combes, Fernando O Martinez, David Risco, Pilar Gonçalves, Waldo L Garcia-Jimenez, Rosario Cerrato, Pedro Fernandez-Llario, Jorge Gutierrez-Merino

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Gut microbes · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Impact of Direct-Fed Microorganism Syrup on Honey Bee (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Maria BravoIngulados S.L., Cáceres, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2194-3756
Theo CombesSchool of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
Fernando O MartinezSchool of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
David RiscoNeobeitar S.L., Cáceres, Spain.
Pilar GonçalvesIngulados S.L., Cáceres, Spain.
Waldo L Garcia-JimenezIngulados S.L., Cáceres, Spain.
Rosario CerratoIngulados S.L., Cáceres, Spain.
Pedro Fernandez-LlarioIngulados S.L., Cáceres, Spain.
Jorge Gutierrez-MerinoSchool of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
University of Surrey · GB

Funding

Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI) CDTI-20201262Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU) DI-17-09603Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU) PTQ-17-09261
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are gut symbionts that can be used as a model to understand the host-microbiota cross talk under unpredictable environmental conditions, such as wildlife ecosystems. The aim of this study was to determine whether viable LAB can be informative of the health status of wild boar populations. We monitored the genotype and phenotype of LAB based on markers that included safety and phylogenetic origin, antibacterial activity, and immunomodulatory properties. A LAB profile dominated by lactobacilli appears to stimulate protective immune responses and relates to strains widely used as probiotics, resulting in a potentially healthy wildlife population, whereas microbiota overpopulated by enterococci was observed in a hostile environment. These enterococci were closely related to pathogenic strains that have developed mechanisms to evade innate immune systems, posing a potential risk for host health. Furthermore, our LAB isolates displayed antibacterial properties in a species-dependent manner. Nearly all of them were able to inhibit bacterial pathogens, raising the possibility of using them as an a la carte antibiotic alternative in the unexplored field of wildlife disease mitigation. Our study highlights that microbiological characterization of LAB is a useful indicator of wildlife health status and the ecological origin from which they derive.

Indexed as

MicrobiotaProbioticsAnimalsAnimals, WildBacteriaHealth StatusPhylogenyimmunomodulationlactic acid bacteriamicrobiotaOne Healthsymbiontswildlife

Identifiers

PMID34669453
PMCPMC8752132
OpenAlexW3206215622

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.