ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology2021
ACE2: a key modulator of the renin-angiotensin system and pregnancy.
Article in American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum vitamin D levels and COVID-19 during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022Pooled it
- A case-control study of mid-pregnancy circulating cardiovascular proteins in women with subsequent preeclampsia and small for gestational age births.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- CMKLR1 as a Therapeutic Target: Vitamin D-Mediated Suppression of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in SA-AKI.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular complications of pregnancy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Modulation of RAAS receptors and miRNAs in COVID-19: implications for disease severity, immune response, and potential therapeutic targets.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Importance of the (Pro)renin Receptor in Activating the Renin-Angiotensin System During Normotensive and Preeclamptic Pregnancies.Current hypertension reports · 2024Review
- Implications of pregnancy on cardiometabolic disease risk: preeclampsia and gestational diabetes.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2024Review
- Association between Maternal and Fetal Genetic Variants and Preeclampsia: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Placental ACE2 Expression: A Possible Pathogenetic Mechanism for Infantile Hemangiomas.Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Association of Perinatal Cardiovascular Features with Angiotensin System Expressions in Maternal Preeclampsia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The soluble (pro)renin receptor promotes a preeclampsia-like phenotype both in vitro and in vivo.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- The Renin-Angiotensin System and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Focus on Early-Life Programming.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A Narrative Overview of Coronavirus Infection: Clinical Signs and Symptoms, Viral Entry and Replication, Treatment Modalities, and Management.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Renin-angiotensin system in the placenta of women with preeclampsia.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- Comparative Proteomic and Phospho-proteomic Analysis of Mouse Placentas Generated via In Vivo and In Vitro Fertilization.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Alpha-2-macroglobulin is involved in the occurrence of early-onset pre-eclampsia via its negative impact on uterine spiral artery remodeling and placental angiogenesis.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Effects of Biological Sex and Pregnancy on SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis and Vaccine Outcomes.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- Maternal plasma angiotensin 1-7 concentration is related to twin pregnancy chorionicity in the third trimester of pregnancy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Observational
- Article
- Elevated mid-pregnancy plasma levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in women prior to the development of preeclampsia.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a membrane-bound protein containing 805 amino acids. ACE2 shows approximately 42% sequence similarity to somatic ACE but has different biochemical activities. The key role of ACE2 is to catalyze the vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin (ANG) II to Ang-(1-7), thus regulating the two major counterbalancing pathways of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). In this way, ACE2 plays a protective role in end-organ damage by protecting tissues from the proinflammatory actions of ANG II. The circulating RAS is activated in normal pregnancy and is essential for maintaining fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and blood pressure. Renin-angiotensin systems are also found in the conceptus. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the regulation and function of circulating and uteroplacental ACE2 in uncomplicated and complicated pregnancies, including those affected by preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Since ACE2 is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and COVID-19 in pregnancy is associated with more severe disease and increased risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes, we also discuss the role of ACE2 in mediating some of these adverse consequences. We propose that dysregulation of ACE2 plays a critical role in the development of preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and COVID-19-associated pregnancy pathologies and suggest that human recombinant soluble ACE2 could be a novel therapeutic to treat and/or prevent these pregnancy complications.
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Registered trials
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