Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34667861›Full record

ArticleLaryngoscope investigative otolaryngology2021

Severe acute otitis media and mastoiditis caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

Juha T Laakso, Valtteri Rissanen, Eeva Ruotsalainen, Jarkko Korpi, Anu Laulajainen-Hongisto, Ville Sivonen, Saku T Sinkkonen

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Epidemiological evolution of acute mastoiditis in children after COVID-19 pandemic.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. The burden of group AiScience · 2025
    Review
  5. Increase in acute mastoiditis at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Juha T LaaksoDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-9535
Valtteri RissanenDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.
Eeva RuotsalainenDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.
Jarkko KorpiDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.
Anu Laulajainen-HongistoDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5109-6944
Ville SivonenDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.
Saku T SinkkonenDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.
University of Helsinki · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo describe the characteristics, diagnostics, treatment, and outcome of severe acute otitis media (AOM) and acute mastoiditis (AM) caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GAS). STUDY

designA retrospective cohort study.

methodsThe yearly incidence of inpatient care-needing GAS AOM/AM patients in our hospital catchment area between 2002 and 2018 was investigated. A detailed analysis was performed for cases treated during the last GAS epidemic in 2017-2018. Anamnesis, signs and symptoms, pure-tone audiometry results, treatment, complications, and outcome were collected from medical charts. Patients responded to an otology-specific health-related quality of life survey (EOS-16) 1.5 to 3 years after their treatment.

resultsThe number of GAS infections peaks at approximately 7-year intervals. During 2017 and 2018, altogether 37 patients (29 adults and 8 children) were hospitalized due to GAS AOM/AM. AM was diagnosed in 14 (38%) patients. The disease progression was typically very rapid. At presentation, all patients had severe ear pain, 68% tympanic membrane perforation and discharge, 43% fever, and 43% vertigo. In pure-tone audiometry, there was usually a marked mixed hearing loss at presentation. There was a significant recovery in both air and bone conduction thresholds; the pure tone average improvement from presentation was 32.3 ± 14.8 dB. Rapid strep tests (RST) proved to be more sensitive than bacterial culture in identifying GAS as a cause of AOM/AM.

conclusionGAS AOM/AM has a rapid onset. Hearing loss usually includes a sensorineural component, which is usually reversible with adequate treatment. RST seems to be useful in detecting GAS from middle ear discharge. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

Indexed as

acute mastoiditisacute otitis mediagroup A beta‐hemolytic streptococcushealth‐related quality of lifeStreptococcus pyogenes

Identifiers

PMID34667861
PMCPMC8513450
OpenAlexW3200931184

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.