Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34667639›Full record

ArticleNeuroscience of consciousness2021

Consciousness and the fallacy of misplaced objectivity.

Francesco Ellia, Jeremiah Hendren, Matteo Grasso, Csaba Kozma, Garrett Mindt, Jonathan P Lang, Andrew M Haun, Larissa Albantakis, Melanie Boly, Giulio Tononi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuroscience of consciousness, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Fetal Pain Perception:Annals of the Child Neurology Society · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Evidence of quantum-entangled higher states of consciousness.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Mathematical proof of the Fisher-EscolàComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. How to be an integrated information theorist without losing your body.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Francesco ElliaDepartment of Philosophy and Communication Studies, University of Bologna, Via Zamboni, 38, 40126 Bologna, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-3482
Jeremiah HendrenGraduate School Language & Literature, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Matteo GrassoDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-7147
Csaba KozmaDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1894-4611
Garrett MindtDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
Jonathan P LangDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8071-1344
Andrew M HaunDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9458-8957
Larissa AlbantakisDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-9917
Melanie BolyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
Giulio TononiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective correlates-behavioral, functional, and neural-provide essential tools for the scientific study of consciousness. But reliance on these correlates should not lead to the 'fallacy of misplaced objectivity': the assumption that only objective properties should and can be accounted for objectively through science. Instead, what needs to be explained scientifically is what experience is intrinsically-its subjective properties-not just what we can do with it extrinsically. And it must be explained; otherwise the way experience feels would turn out to be magical rather than physical. We argue that it is possible to account for subjective properties objectively once we move beyond cognitive functions and realize what experience is and how it is structured. Drawing on integrated information theory, we show how an objective science of the subjective can account, in strictly physical terms, for both the essential properties of every experience and the specific properties that make particular experiences feel the way they do.

Indexed as

consciousnesscontents of consciousnessfunctionalismintegrated information theoryspace

Identifiers

PMID34667639
PMCPMC8519344

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.