SynthesisBMC family practice2021
Tests for central sensitization in general practice: a Delphi study.
Synthesis in BMC family practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures in chronic pain conditions with central sensitization- a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2025Pooled it
- Questionnaires for the Assessment of Central Sensitization in Endometriosis: What Is the Available Evidence? A Systematic Review with a Narrative Synthesis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2024Pooled it
- Pelvic floor examination in vulvodynia: VAMP protocol validation in correlation with central sensitization.Women's health (London, England)Trial
- Meditations on Methodological Issues in Clinical Investigations of "Central Sensitization" (Jonah XII).Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Construction of an index system for workplace services by family doctors in China: a two-round Delphi study.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Brain-immune correlates of quality of life in adolescents with chronic musculoskeletal pain.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Electrophysiological Evidence for Impaired Central Pain Modulation in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Central Sensitivity Symptoms and Autistic Traits in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Article
- Explaining persistent physical symptoms to patients in general practice: can tests to measure central sensitisation add value? A mixed-methods study.BMC primary care · 2024Article
- Nociplastic Pain in Endometriosis: A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Multisensory sensitivity in relation to pain: a scoping review of terminology and assessment.Pain reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Do Patients with Chronic Spinal Pain and Comorbid Insomnia Have More Features of Central Sensitization? A Case-Control Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Differences in cervical mobility and pain sensitivity between patients with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain and asymptomatic subjects: a cross-sectional study.Archives of physiotherapyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCentral sensitization (CS) may explain the persistence of symptoms in patients with chronic pain and persistent physical symptoms (PPS). There is a need for assessing CS in the consultation room. In a recently published systematic review, we made an inventory of tests for CS. In this study we aimed to assess which tests might have added value, might be feasible and thus be suitable for use in general practice.
methodsWe conducted a Delphi study consisting of two e-mail rounds to reach consensus among experts in chronic pain and PPS. We invited 40 national and international experts on chronic pain and PPS, 27 agreed to participate. We selected 12 tests from our systematic review and additional searches; panellists added three more tests in the first round. We asked the panellists, both clinicians and researchers, to rate these 15 tests on technical feasibility for use in general practice, added value and to provide an overall judgement for suitability in general practice.
resultsIn two rounds the panellists reached consensus on 14 of the 15 tests: three were included, eleven excluded. Included were the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and monofilaments. No consensus was reached on the Sensory Hypersensitivity Scale.
conclusionIn a Delphi study among an international panel of experts, three tests for measuring CS were considered to be suitable for use in general practice: the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and monofilaments.
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