Trial reportClinical neurology and neurosurgery2021
Early subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease reduces long-term medication costs.
Trial report in Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of deep brain stimulation on functional autonomy and quality of life in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Mechanism and progress of deep brain stimulation in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders.MedScience · 2026Review
- Short-term 30-day adverse events following awake versus asleep deep brain stimulation for movement disorders: a nationwide registry-based study.Brain & spine · 2025Article
- Eleven-Year Outcomes of Deep Brain Stimulation in Early-Stage Parkinson Disease.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2023Article
- Selecting the Best Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease for Your Research Purpose: Insight fromCurrent neuropharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSubthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is recognized as a safe and effective treatment in mid- and advanced-staged Parkinson's disease (PD) that decreases the need for PD medications and their associated costs. This study reports medication costs from the only clinical trial to evaluate DBS in patients with early-stage PD and projects costs through advanced-stage disease.
methodsThe DBS in early-stage PD pilot was a prospective, single-blind clinical trial that randomized 30 patients with early-stage PD 1:1 to receive bilateral STN-DBS plus optimal drug therapy (ODT) or ODT alone. Subjects who completed the trial participated in an observational follow-up study and were evaluated annually for five years after randomization. PD medication data collected at each study visit were used to calculate and project medication costs (n = 28).
resultsFive-year cumulative medication cost reduction with early DBS+ODT was $28,246. Mean annual medication cost for early DBS+ODT subjects was 2.4 times lower than early ODT subjects (β = 2.4, 95%CI:1.5-3.7, p = 0.0004). Early DBS+ODT is projected to reduce cumulative medication costs by $104,958 over 15 years of disease duration.
conclusionDBS in early-stage PD may provide long-term medication cost reduction compared to standard care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.