ArticlemBio2021
Infectious SARS-CoV-2 Is Emitted in Aerosol Particles.
Article in mBio, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental temperature and relative humidity shape post-emission aerosol fate and airborne influenza transmission.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 bioaerosol transmission in experimentally infected American mink.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The sneeze reflex in physiological and pathological states: a mini review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Evaluation of the decontamination efficacy of a portable air cleaner using 275-nm UVC-LED radiation against airborne Coronavirus and Influenza virus.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2025Article
- Mucosal adenovirus vaccine boosting elicits IgA and durably prevents XBB.1.16 infection in nonhuman primates.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- Mucosal immunization with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S prevents sequential transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to unvaccinated hamsters.Science advances · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Rapidly Infects Peripheral Sensory and Autonomic Neurons, Contributing to Central Nervous System Neuroinvasion before Viremia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Host and viral determinants of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the Syrian hamster.eLife · 2024Article
- Immunologic and inflammatory consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its implications in renal disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Air Change Rate and SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Hospitals and Residences: A Meta-Analysis.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2024Article
- Stability of Feline Coronavirus in aerosols and dried in organic matrices on surfaces at various environmental conditions.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Design and validation of an exposure system for efficient inter-animal SARS-CoV-2 airborne transmission in Syrian hamsters.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Host and viral determinants of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the Syrian hamster.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Stability of Aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 on Masks and Transfer to Skin.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
- Article
- Aerosolize this: Generation, collection, and analysis of aerosolized virus in laboratory settings.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Spread of viruses, which measures are the most apt to control COVID-19?Infectious diseases now · 2023Review
- Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection from breath - a proof-of-concept study.IJID regions · 2022Article
- Comparative Mask Protection against Inhaling Wildfire Smoke, Allergenic Bioaerosols, and Infectious Particles.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Combining Phi6 as a surrogate virus and computational large-eddy simulations to study airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a restaurant.Indoor air · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 are transmitted in respiratory droplets and aerosol particles, which are released during talking, breathing, coughing, and sneezing. Noncontact transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been demonstrated, suggesting transmission via virus carried through the air. Here, we demonstrate that golden Syrian hamsters produce infectious SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol particles prior to and concurrent with the onset of mild clinical signs of disease. The average emission rate in this study was 25 infectious virions/hour on days 1 and 2 postinoculation, with average viral RNA levels 200-fold higher than infectious virus in aerosol particles. The majority of virus was contained within particles <5 μm in size. Thus, we provide direct evidence that, in hamsters, SARS-CoV-2 is an airborne virus.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.