Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34662808›Full record

ArticleBiochemical and biophysical research communications2021

Sp6/Epiprofin is a master regulator in the developing tooth.

Craig S Rhodes, Yasuo Yoshitomi, Peter D Burbelo, Nowlan H Freese, Takashi Nakamura, NIDCD/NIDCR Genomics and Computational Biology Core, Yuta Chiba, Yoshihiko Yamada

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. KMT2D Regulates Tooth Enamel Development.Journal of dental research · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. KMT2D regulates tooth enamel development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Craig S RhodesNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. Electronic address: rhodes@nih.gov.
Yasuo YoshitomiDepartment of Biochemistry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
Peter D BurbeloNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Nowlan H FreeseDepartment of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
Takashi NakamuraDivision of Molecular Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, 980-8575, Sendai, Japan.
NIDCD/NIDCR Genomics and Computational Biology CoreGenomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Yuta ChibaDivision of Pediatric Dentistry, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, 980-8575, Sendai, Japan.
Yoshihiko YamadaNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
National Institutes of Health · USTohoku University · JPKanazawa Medical University · JPUniversity of North Carolina at Charlotte · US

Funding

NIDCR DIR Scientific Cores (Combined Technical Research Core)ZICDE000729 · NIDCR · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH · PI ABSHARI, MEHRNOOSH · 2009 to 2025
$31.7M
Etiology of Biliary Tract CancerZIACP010218 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI KOSHIOL, JILL · 2011 to 2025
$30.4M
Imaging Antiviral ImmunityZIAAI001225 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI HICKMAN, HEATHER · 2017 to 2025
$11.4M
Immunopathogenesis of skin and mucosal Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related diseases ZIAAI001310 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI LISCO, ANDREA · 2020 to 2025
$2.7M
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 DE999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIC DE000729
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tooth development involves the coordinated transcriptional regulation of extracellular matrix proteins produced by ameloblasts and odontoblasts. In this study, whole-genome ChIP-seq analysis was applied to identify the transcriptional regulatory gene targets of Sp6 in mesenchymal cells of the developing tooth. Bioinformatic analysis of a pool of Sp6 target peaks identified the consensus nine nucleotide binding DNA motif CTg/aTAATTA. Consistent with these findings, a number of enamel and dentin matrix genes including amelogenin (Amelx), ameloblastin (Ambn), enamelin (Enam) and dental sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), were identified to contain Sp6 target sequences. Sp6 peaks were also found in other important tooth genes including transcription factors (Dlx2, Dlx3, Dlx4, Dlx5, Sp6, Sp7, Pitx2, and Msx2) and extracellular matrix-related proteins (Col1a2, Col11a2, Halpn1). Unsupervised UMAP clustering of tooth single cell RNA-seq data confirmed the presence of Sp6 transcripts co-expressed with many of the identified target genes within ameloblasts and odontoblasts. Lastly, transcriptional reporter assays using promoter fragments from the Hapln1 and Sp6 gene itself revealed that Sp6 co-expression enhanced gene transcriptional activity. Taken together these results highlight that Sp6 is a major regulator of multiple extracellular matrix genes in the developing tooth.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalGene Regulatory NetworksAmeloblastsAmelogeninAnimalsAnimals, NewbornCollagen Type IDental Enamel ProteinsExtracellular Matrix ProteinsKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMolarOdontoblastsOdontogenesisPromoter Regions, GeneticAmbn protein, mouseAmelogeninAmelx protein, mouseCol1a2 protein, mouseCollagen Type IDental Enamel ProteinsExtracellular Matrix ProteinsKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsProteoglycan Link ProteinProteoglycansRNA, MessengerSp6 protein, mouseSp7 protein, mouseSp7 Transcription FactortuftelinAmeloblastinAmelogeninChIP-seqCol1a2Hapln1MatrixOdontogenesisPromoterscRNA-seqSp6Sp7ToothTranscriptional regulation

Identifiers

PMID34662808
PMCPMC8585705
OpenAlexW3207525722

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.