Trial reportKidney international2021
Lipoic acid supplementation associated with neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 (NELL1)-associated membranous nephropathy.
Trial report in Kidney international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Clinicopathologic Study of Neural Epidermal Growth Factor-Like 1-Associated Membranous Nephropathy in a Chinese Cohort.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Multiplexed Detection of Membranous Nephropathy Antigens by Multi-Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Contemporary review of primary membranous nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Long-term outcomes in primary membranous nephropathy: a Chinese cohort study with novel target antigen.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Retrospective analysis of serum NELL-1 and EXT1/2: no significant predictive value for treatment response in a cohort of membranous nephropathy patients.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Antigens in membranous nephropathy: discovery and clinical implications.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 expression predicts end-stage renal disease in phospholipase A2 receptor-negative membranous nephropathy: A retrospective cohort stratified by systemic lupus erythematosus.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- Detection and characterization of NELL1 autoantibodies in NELL1 positive membranous nephropathy.Kidney international · 2025Article
- Questions and Caveats in Antigen-Defined Membranous Nephropathy.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Review
- Clinicopathological characteristics of neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein-associated membranous glomerulonephritis.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Drug-Induced Membranous Nephropathy: Piecing Together Clues to Understand Disease Mechanisms.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Review
- A Case of NELL-1-Positive Membranous Nephropathy With Acute Kidney Injury Due to Bilateral Renal Vein Thrombosis.Cureus · 2024Article
- Characteristics and Outcomes of NELL1 Membranous Nephropathy in Lipoic Acid Users and Nonusers.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Neural Epidermal Growth Factor-like 1 Protein-Associated Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- NELL1 membranous nephropathy: clinical associations provide mechanistic clues.Frontiers in nephrology · 2024Review
- A Dynamic Prediction Model for Renal Progression in Primary Membranous Nephropathy.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Segmental Membranous Glomerulopathy in Adults.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Segmental NELL-1 Membranous Nephropathy Complicating Tiopronin Therapy.Kidney international reports · 2023Article
- Neurologic and Neuromuscular Sequelae of COVID-19.Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lipoic acid (alpha lipoic acid, thioctic acid) is a popular over-the-counter antioxidant and insulin-mimetic supplement under investigation in a variety of conditions including multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and schizophrenia. Unfortunately, high-grade proteinuria was an unexpected adverse event specific to the treatment arm of our clinical trial investigating lipoic acid supplementation in patients with multiple sclerosis. This observation led to detection of similar patients in our nephrology practice. Here, we describe four biopsy-proven cases of neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 (NELL1)-associated membranous nephropathy following lipoic acid supplementation and a fifth suspected case. Discontinuation of lipoic acid and supportive therapy resulted in remission.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.