Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34662377›Full record

ArticleBlood2022

High-risk subtypes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia are detectable as early as 16 years prior to diagnosis.

P Martijn Kolijn, Fatemeh Saberi Hosnijeh, Florentin Späth, Paul J Hengeveld, Andreas Agathangelidis, Manal Saleh, Delphine Casabonne, Yolanda Benavente, Mats Jerkeman, Antonio Agudo and 14 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Blood, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Lymphocyte count and risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026
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  7. Review
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  12. Stereotyped B-Cell Receptor Immunoglobulins in B-Cell Lymphomas.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Article
  13. Risk of Incident Melanoma Among Individuals With Low-Count Monoclonal B-Cell Lymphocytosis.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors at 16 institutions in 8 countries.

P Martijn KolijnDepartment of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Fatemeh Saberi HosnijehDivision of Environmental Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Florentin SpäthDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Cancer Center, Department of Hematology.ORCID 0000-0002-0711-0830
Paul J HengeveldDepartment of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Andreas AgathangelidisInstitute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Manal SalehDivision of Environmental Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Delphine CasabonneCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7874-3707
Yolanda BenaventeCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.
Mats JerkemanDivision of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Antonio AgudoUnit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention, and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9900-5677
Aurelio BarricarteNavarra Public Health Institute, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
Caroline BessonUniversité Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Équipe "Exposome et Hérédité", Centre de Recherche en épidémiologie et Santé des populations (CESP), Villejuif, France.ORCID 0000-0003-4364-7173
Maria-Jose SánchezEscuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-4817-0757
María-Dolores ChirlaqueBiomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Giovanna MasalaEpidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5758-9069
Carlotta SacerdoteUnit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8008-5096
Sara GrioniEpidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5891-8426
Matthias B SchulzeDepartment of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0830-5277
Alexandra NietersInstitute for Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Peter EngelfrietNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-7221-3599
Magnus HultdinDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; and.
James D McKayGenomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Roel C H VermeulenDivision of Environmental Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Anton W LangerakDepartment of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2078-3220
Utrecht University · NLInstitut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge · ESCentre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases · ESAzienda Ospedaliera Citta' della Salute e della Scienza di Torino · ITCentre international de recherche sur le cancer · FRErasmus MC · NLFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori · ITInserm · FRLund University · SENational and Kapodistrian University of Athens · GRNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment · NLPrevention Institute · USUmeå University · SEUniversidad de Granada · ESUniversity Medical Center Freiburg · DEUniversity of Potsdam · DE

Funding

Cancer Research UK 14136Medical Research Council G0401527Medical Research Council G1000143Medical Research Council MR/M012190/1Medical Research Council MR/N003284/1World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is preceded by monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), a CLL precursor state with a prevalence of up to 12% in aged individuals; however, the duration of MBL and the mechanisms of its evolution to CLL remain largely unknown. In this study, we sequenced the B-cell receptor (BcR) immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene repertoire of 124 patients with CLL and 118 matched controls in blood samples taken up to 22 years prior to diagnosis. Significant skewing in the BcR IGH gene repertoire was detected in the majority of patients, even before the occurrence of lymphocytosis and irrespective of the clonotypic IGH variable gene somatic hypermutation status. Furthermore, we identified dominant clonotypes belonging to major stereotyped subsets associated with poor prognosis up to 16 years before diagnosis in 14 patients with CLL. In 22 patients with longitudinal samples, the skewing of the BcR IGH gene repertoire increased significantly over time to diagnosis or remained stable at high levels. For 14 of 16 patients with available samples at diagnosis, the CLL clonotype was already present in the prediagnostic samples. Overall, our data indicate that the preclinical phase of CLL could be longer than previously thought, even in adverse-prognostic cases.

Indexed as

Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-CellLymphocytosisAgedB-LymphocytesHumansImmunoglobulin Heavy ChainsReceptors, Antigen, B-CellImmunoglobulin Heavy ChainsReceptors, Antigen, B-Cell

Identifiers

PMID34662377
PMCPMC10650964
OpenAlexW3205749390

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.