ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2021
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: Bioaccumulation Potentials in Humans and Levels in Blood before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Article in Environmental science & technology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prenatal occupational exposure to quaternary ammonium compounds and birthweight: findings from a pilot study using meconium as a biological matrix.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Article
- ToxBase: A Multidimensional ToxCast Reference Database for High-Throughput Human Exposome Analysis.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- The Association between Prenatal Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs) Exposure and Neonatal Birth Obesity: Insights from Epidemiology andEnvironment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Nephrotoxicity in 2D Cultures and a Human Kidney-on-a-Chip System.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Itching to know: the Microbiome, Allergic Disease, and Antimicrobial Chemicals.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- Investigating the resistome, taxonomic composition, and mobilome of bacterial communities in hospital wastewaters of Metro Manila using a shotgun metagenomics approach.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Exposure to Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs) in Assisted Living Facilities: Implications for Older Adults.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Ingestion of Surface Residues Dominates Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs) Exposure in Chinese Urban Homes: Evidence from Silicone Wristband Passive Sampling and Urinary Biomonitoring.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Maternal and Placental Inflammation Influence Formation of Neural Tube Defects in Quaternary Ammonium Compound Exposed Mice.Birth defects research · 2025Article
- Metabolome informs about the chemical exposome and links to brain health.Environment international · 2025Review
- Article
- Reviewing the complexities of bacterial biocide susceptibility and in vitro biocide adaptation methodologies.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Review
- Biocides as drivers of antibiotic resistance: A critical review of environmental implications and public health risks.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2025Review
- Common antimicrobials disrupt early zebrafish development through immune-cardiac signaling.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2025Article
- Respiratory quaternary ammonium and volatile organic compound exposures experienced by home care aides during residential bathroom cleaning using conventional and green products.Annals of work exposures and health · 2025Article
- A dual antibacterial action of soft quaternary ammonium compounds: bacteriostatic effects, membrane integrity, and reducedRSC advances · 2025Article
- The Slow Pandemic: Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Postadvent of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.Global health, epidemiology and genomics · 2025Review
- Article
- Oral exposure to benzalkonium chlorides in male and female mice reveals alteration of the gut microbiome and bile acid profile.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are commonly used in a variety of consumer, pharmaceutical, and medical products. In this study, bioaccumulation potentials of 18 QACs with alkyl chain lengths of C8-C18 were determined in the in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) model using the results of human hepatic metabolism and serum protein binding experiments. The slowest in vivo clearance rates were estimated for C12-QACs, suggesting that these compounds may preferentially build up in blood. The bioaccumulation of QACs was further confirmed by the analysis of human blood (sera) samples (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.