ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2021
Measuring Calves' Usage of Multiple Environmental Enrichment Objects Provided Simultaneously.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of dairy calf rearing systems on affective states.Discover animals · 2026Review
- Comparing the use of different environmental enrichment items by Hereford-Holstein cattle in a high containment facility.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Feasibility of Adding Supplemental Solid Rubber Mats to a Confined Slatted Barn Cattle Feedlot System.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of physical environmental enrichment to improve animal welfare-related outcomes in indoor cattle.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2025Review
- Brush Use in Lot-Fed Cattle Shows Continued Use and Positive Behaviour.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- The Effects of Enrichment on Zoo-Housed Scarlet Ibis Behavior.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Tactile, Auditory, and Visual Stimulation as Sensory Enrichment for Dairy Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Human animal relationships inFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Beef Cattle Preference and Usage of Environmental Enrichments Provided Simultaneously in a Pasture-Based Environment.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Impact of Stationary Brush Quantity on Brush Use in Group-Housed Dairy Heifers.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aims to assess calf usage of five potential enrichment devices provided simultaneously. We used 25 weaned Holstein-Friesian calves housed in groups of five (five replicates), and their behavior was recorded continuously with video cameras. This longitudinal observational study used a pen equipped with a mechanical and fixed brush, cowhide, and horizontal and vertical ropes. Data collected included how many visits each object received per day, the type of object usage, and the duration of the visits. Calves used all five objects at least once, and they used items more during the daytime than at night. Brushes were used mainly for grooming (e.g., rubbing or scratching), while ropes and cowhide for oral interactions (e.g., licking, chewing, and biting), most likely to lack oral stimulations that would naturally be satisfied by suckling and grazing at this age. The objects most frequently used were the mechanical brush and the horizontal rope, and they received the highest number of visits (214.9 and 154.9 bouts/day, respectively). The least chosen object was the stationary brush, which had the lowest number of visits (62.9 bouts/day). The provision of multiple enrichment objects for weaned calves should be considered as they may add complexity and novelty to barren environments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.