ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2021
Organ Culture Model of Aortic Valve Calcification.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell Calcification Models and Their Implications for Medicine and Biomaterial Research.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Insights into preclinical models of calcific aortic valve disease and their translational potential.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Multiscale structure and function of the aortic valve apparatus.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- In Vitro Models of Cardiovascular Calcification.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Improved Reversion of Calcifications in Porcine Aortic Heart Valves Using Elastin-Targeted Nanoparticles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Challenges of aortic valve tissue culture - maintenance of viability and extracellular matrix in the pulsatile dynamic microphysiological system.Journal of biological engineering · 2023Article
- Models and Techniques to Study Aortic Valve CalcificationFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A significant amount of knowledge has been gained with the use of cell-based assays to elucidate the mechanisms that mediate heart valve calcification. However, cells used in these studies lack their association with the extra-cellular matrix or the influence of other cellular components of valve leaflets. We have developed a model of calcification using intact porcine valve leaflets, that relies upon a biological stimulus to drive the formation of calcified nodules within the valve leaflets. Alizarin Red positive regions were formed in response to lipopolysaccharide and inorganic phosphate, which could be quantified when viewed under polarized light. Point analysis and elemental mapping analysis of electron microscope images confirmed the presence of nodules containing calcium and phosphorus. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the development of these calcified regions corresponded with the expression of RUNX2, osteocalcin, NF-kB and the apoptosis marker caspase 3. The formation of calcified nodules and the expression of bone markers were both inhibited by adenosine in a concentration-dependent manner, illustrating that the model is amenable to pharmacological manipulation. This organ culture model offers an increased level of tissue complexity in which to study the mechanisms that are involved in heart valve calcification.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.