Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34660688›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in surgery2021

The Use of Botulinum Toxin in Complex Hernia Surgery: Achieving a Sense of Closure.

Thomas Whitehead-Clarke, Alastair Windsor

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06485440 (The Effects of Preoperative Botulinum Toxin A Injection Prior to Abdominal Wall Reconstruction Procedures on Respiratory System Function), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06485440 completednot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

The Effects of Preoperative Botulinum Toxin A Injection Prior to Abdominal Wall Reconstruction Procedures on Respiratory System Function

TypeobservationalSponsorSwissmed HospitalRan2024 to 2025Enrolled30ConditionsBotulinum Toxins, Type A, HerniaArmsDysport 300 UNT Injection
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Follow-up of complex hernia repair with intraoperative fascial traction.Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Thomas Whitehead-ClarkeCentre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Alastair WindsorAlastair Windsor, Princess Grace Hospital, HCA Healthcare, London, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Abdominal wall surgeons have developed a host of tools to help facilitate fascial closure. Botulinum toxin A is one of the most recently identified treatments and has grown in popularity over recent years; showing great promise in a number of case series and cohort studies. The toxin paralyses lateral abdominal wall muscles in order to increase laxity of the tissues-facilitating medialisation of the rectus muscles. Several research groups around the world are developing expertise with its use-uncovering its potential. We present a review of the relevant literature over the last two decades, summarising the key evidence behind its indications, dosing and effects.

Indexed as

abdominal wallBotoxBotulinumcomplexhernia

Identifiers

PMID34660688
PMCPMC8517326

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.