ArticleJournal of family medicine and primary care2021
Does parity and duration of lactation have any effect on the bone mineral density of the femur and lumbar spine in Indian women? A cross-sectional study from the Northeast region of India.
Article in Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recovery of BMD after pregnancy and breastfeeding-a 10-yr prospective observational study of 25-yr-old women.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025Observational
- The Heterogeneity of Post-Menopausal Disease Risk: Could the Basis for Why Only Subsets of Females Are Affected Be Due to a Reversible Epigenetic Modification System Associated with Puberty, Menstrual Cycles, Pregnancy and Lactation, and, Ultimately, Menopause?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Bridging the Gap: Pregnancy-And Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe effects of multiple pregnancies and period of lactation on bone density have not been studied till date and there is very less data available, especially from developing countries like India. Lumbar spine and femoral neck were used to measure BMD and results were recorded.
objectiveTo find out the effect of parity and period of lactation on occurrence of osteoporosis in spine and femoral neck in women of the Northeast region of India. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe cross-sectional study included 294 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 30-65 year old. Age, body mass index (BMI), parity, total lactation period, menopausal status, duration of menopause socioeconomic status, and nutritional history were noted. The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry system was used to measure the BMD of lumbar and femoral neck BMD. Multiple regression analysis was done for finding out the association of parity and lactation with BMD.
resultsThe parity was inversely related with BMD of lumbar spine (
conclusionThe number of parity and prolonged period of lactation have a negative effect on BMD in both regions especially in the lower socioeconomic strata with poor nutritional intake. Our data supports that parity and duration of lactation can be associated with future osteoporosis.
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