ArticleAmerican journal of cancer research2021
Tumor-treating fields as a proton beam-sensitizer for glioblastoma therapy.
Article in American journal of cancer research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Selective antitumor activity of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) involving molecular factors in cancer cells and tumor microenvironment.Translational oncology · 2025Review
- Advancement in tumor treating fields of mechanism, clinical applications, and future directions.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- FGFR inhibition as a new therapeutic strategy to sensitize glioblastoma stem cells to tumor treating fields.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Tumor-treating fields in cancer therapy: advances of cellular and molecular mechanisms.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Programmed cell death disrupts inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes glioblastoma evolution.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Review
- Theory and application of TTFields in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Effectiveness of tumor‑treating fields to reduce the proliferation and migration of liposarcoma cell lines.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Anti-cancer mechanisms of action of therapeutic alternating electric fields (tumor treating fields [TTFields]).Journal of molecular cell biology · 2022Review
- The schemes, mechanisms and molecular pathway changes of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) alone or in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Cell death discovery · 2022Review
- The Potential Neuroprotective Effects of Extracts from Oat Seedlings against Alzheimer's Disease.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Review
- The Routine Application of Tumor-Treating Fields in the Treatment of Glioblastoma WHO° IV.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Few advances in GBM treatment have been made since the initiation of the Stupp trials in 2005. Experimental studies on immunotherapy drugs, molecular inhibitors, radiation dosage escalation and vascular growth factor blockers have all failed to provide satisfactory outcomes. TTFields therapy, on the other hand, have emerged as a viable substitute to therapies like radiation in GBM patients having a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To enhance the biofunctional impacts, we explored the combination events with TTFields and proton treatment in this study. We conducted a cell viability test, a cell death detection evaluation, a ROS analysis, a three-dimensional (3D) culture system, and a migration assay. The combination of proton radiation and TTFields therapy laid a substantial anticancer impact on the F98 and U373 as compared to the consequences of either of these therapies used separately. The combination proton beam therapy used by TTFields was very successful in curbing GBM from migrating. GBM cell metastasis is restricted by TTFields combined proton by downregulating the MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3K/AKT indicating pathways, caused by reduced EMT marker expression. These findings furnish biological proof for the molecular grounds of TTFields in combination with proton used for GBM therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34659907PMC8493382W3205509466What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.