ArticleAmerican journal of cancer research2021
Increased intratumor heterogeneity, angiogenesis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathways in metaplastic breast cancer.
Article in American journal of cancer research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Automated calculation of background parenchymal enhancement as a biomarker of treatment responses and recurrence-free survival in breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Has Higher Immune Response Than Invasive Ductal Carcinoma in Estrogen Receptor-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancers.World journal of oncology · 2025Article
- Angiogenesis Is Associated With Aggressive Biology That Counterbalances With Tumor Immunogenicity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.World journal of oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer: signaling pathways and therapeutic targets.MedComm · 2024Review
- A comprehensive overview of metaplastic breast cancer: Features and treatments.Cancer science · 2024Review
- Diagnosis and Management of Desmoid Fibromatosis of the Breast.World journal of oncology · 2024Review
- Insights into autotaxin- and lysophosphatidate-mediated signaling in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumor microenvironment: a survey of pathway gene expression.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- HighAmerican journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in metaplastic breast cancer and phyllodes breast tumors.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Signaling in the Human Breast Cancer Tumor Microenvironment Elicits Receptor-Dependent Effects on Tumor Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- A bibliometric analysis of metastatic breast cancer: two-decade report (2002-2022).Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Autotaxin production in the human breast cancer tumor microenvironment mitigates tumor progression in early breast cancers.American journal of cancer research · 2023Article
- High beta integrin expression is differentially associated with worsened pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma outcomes.American journal of cancer research · 2022Article
- Intratumoral density of regulatory T cells is a predictor of host immune response and chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2022Article
- Elevated bile acid metabolism and microbiome are associated with suppressed cell proliferation and better survival in breast cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2022Article
- Higher intra-tumoral expression of pro-coagulation genes is a predictor of angiogenesis, epithelial mesenchymal transition and worse patient survival in gastric cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) constitutes a rare but unique histologic entity with poor prognosis. We hypothesized that MBC possesses unique genetic profile and tumor immune microenvironment. MBC cases were identified from a total of 10827 breast cancer entries in the Cancer Genome Atlas Data Set (TCGA) and the AACR-GENIE (Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange) cohorts. Tumor infiltrated immune cells were estimated by xCell. Baseline clinical characteristics were compared, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed. MBC comprised 0.66% of the cohorts (1.2% of TCGA and 0.6% of GENIE). MBC cases were predominantly triple-negative (TNBC) (8 (61.5%) vs 151 (14.4%), P<0.001), and high Nottingham histological grade (8 (61.5%) vs 222 (21.1%), P=0.02) compared to non-MBC in the TCGA cohort. Increased infiltration of M1 macrophages (P=0.012), dendritic cells (P<0.001) and eosinophils (P=0.036) was noted in the MBC cohort however there was no difference in cytolytic activity (P=0.806), CD4 memory (P=0.297) or CD8 T-cells (P=0.864). Tumor mutation burden was lower in the MBC compared to the non-MBC, median: 0.4 vs 1.6/Mb in the TCGA-TNBC cohort (P=0.67) and 3.0 vs 4.0/Mb (P=0.1) in the GENIE-cohort. MBC had increased intratumor heterogeneity (P<0.001), macrophage regulation (P=0.008) and TGF-beta response (P<0.001). Disease-specific survival was decreased in MBC (P=0.018). Angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathways were enriched in triple-negative MBC by GSEA (P=0.004 and P<0.001, respectively). Our results suggest that high intratumor heterogeneity, enriched angiogenesis and EMT pathway expression represent possible mechanisms leading to worse disease-specific survival found in metaplastic breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34659895PMC8493380W3207241174What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.