ArticleInternational journal of breast cancer2021
Premenopausal Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Associations with Molecular Subtypes: A Case-Control Study.
Article in International journal of breast cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Accuracy and Utility of Preoperative Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Lymph Node Biopsy for Invasive Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Computational intelligence and neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Real-World Outcomes of Ribociclib Treatment in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer at a Tertiary Care Hospital.Cureus · 2025Article
- The recurrence and mortality risk in Luminal A breast cancer patients who lived in high pollution area.PloS one · 2025Article
- Lifetime alcohol consumption patterns and young-onset breast cancer by subtype among Non-Hispanic Black and White women in the Young Women's Health History Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Article
- Comparative analysis of breast cancer characteristics in young premenopausal and postmenopausal women in Ghana.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Role of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 1 in Early Breast Carcinogenesis and Breast Cancer Aggressiveness.Cancers · 2023Article
- Oncobiology and treatment of breast cancer in young women.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women and the leading cause of women's cancer-related deaths and morbidity worldwide. In Rwanda, BC incidence is increasing with an unacceptably high mortality rate in premenopausal women.
objectivesThe purpose was to identify modifiable BC risk factors and assess associations between common breast cancer risks factors and molecular subtypes in premenopausal women in Rwanda.
methodsThis was a case-control study. Premenopausal women with histological confirmation of BC and frequency-matched for age controls were recruited. A preestablished questionnaire was administered to both cases and controls for sociodemographics, BC probable risk factors, and clinical and pathological characteristics. BC was classified into luminal A, luminal B, HER2-type, basal-like (triple negative), and unclassified molecular subtypes by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
results340 participants were recruited into the study (170 cases
conclusionSeveral reproductive, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors have been identified to be associated with premenopausal BC. Among them, alcohol intake and obesity/overweight during adolescence/early adulthood can be modified. Interventions targeting alcohol consumption and obesity/overweight in adolescents and young adults may decrease the incidence of premenopausal breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.