ArticleJournal of Cancer2021
Synergistic killing effects of PD-L1-CAR T cells and colorectal cancer stem cell-dendritic cell vaccine-sensitized T cells in ALDH1-positive colorectal cancer stem cells.
Article in Journal of Cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy Implications.Cancers · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer: therapeutic strategies and biomarker-guided approaches.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Targeting cancer stem cells with CAR-based immunotherapy: biology, evidence, and future directions.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Advances in Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Their Obstacles, and Prospects Toward Tumor Immunotherapy.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- Research progress on mechanisms of tumor immune microenvironment and gastrointestinal resistance to immunotherapy: mini review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Unveiling the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer therapeutic resistance.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Crosstalk between cancer stem cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells: implications for tumor progression and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Crosstalk between colorectal CSCs and immune cells in tumorigenesis, and strategies for targeting colorectal CSCs.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Therapeutic cancer vaccines: advancements, challenges, and prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- siRNA-Mediated B7H7 Knockdown in Gastric Cancer Lysate-Loaded Dendritic Cells Amplifies Expansion and Cytokine Secretion of Autologous T Cells.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Targeted Immunotherapies.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2023Review
- Involving stemness factors to improve CAR T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Therapeutic targets and biomarkers of tumor immunotherapy: response versus non-response.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- A novel costimulatory molecule gene-modified leukemia cell-derived exosome-targeted CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- CAR T-cells for colorectal cancer immunotherapy: Ready to go?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- ALDH1: A potential therapeutic target for cancer stem cells in solid tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are characterized by self-renewal and unlimited proliferation, providing a basis for tumor occurrence, metastasis, and recurrence. Because CSCs are highly resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, various immunotherapies, particularly chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy and dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine therapy, are currently being developed. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in colorectal CSCs (CCSCs) and non-CCSCs and designed a combination immunotherapy synchronously utilizing PD-L1-CAR-T cells together with CCSC-DC vaccine-sensitized T cells for the treatment of colorectal cancer. PD-L1-CAR-T cells specifically recognized the PD-L1 molecule on CCSCs by binding to the extracellular domain of programmed cell death-1. The CCSC-DC vaccine was prepared using CCSC lysates. We found that aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1)-positive CCSCs were abundant in samples from patient tumor tissues and cancer cell lines. Moreover, PD-L1 was highly expressed in ALDH1-positive CCSCs compared with that in non-CCSCs. Monotherapy with PD-L1-CAR-T cells or CCSC-DC vaccine only elicited moderate tumor remission both
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.