Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34659246›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021

Comprehensive Analysis of Pyroptosis-Related Genes and Tumor Microenvironment Infiltration Characterization in Breast Cancer.

JianBin Wu, Yuanyuan Zhu, MingMin Luo, Lei Li

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. How to recognize if a cell dies from pyroptosis?Molecular biology reports · 2026
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  10. Polydatin: A natural compound with multifaceted anticancer properties.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

JianBin WuDepartment of Breast, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Yuanyuan ZhuThe First School of Clinical Medicine (Dongzhimen Hospital) , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
MingMin LuoReproductive Medicine Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Lei LiDepartment of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Fujian Medical University · CNDongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine · CNUniversity of Otago · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Immunotherapy has emerged as a significant strategy to treat numerous tumors. The positive response to immunotherapy depends on the dynamic interaction between tumor cells and infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Pyroptosis, inflammation-induced cell death, is intricately associated with several tumors. However, the relationship between pyroptosis and clinical prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy effect is unclear in breast cancer (BRCA). Methods: We comprehensively evaluated 33 pyroptosis-related genes and systematically assessed the relationship between pyroptosis and tumor progression, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration. The PyroptosisScore was used to quantify the pyroptosis pattern of a single tumor patient. We then assessed their values for predicting prognoses and therapeutic responses in BRCA. Results: Three different modes of PyroptosisClusters were determined. The characteristics of TME cell infiltration in these three PyroptosisClusters were highly consistent with three immunophenotypes of tumors, including immune-excluded, immune-inflamed, and immune-desert phenotypes. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis revealed that patients with a low PyroptosisScore had higher immune checkpoint expression, higher immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) scores, increased immune microenvironment infiltration, and were more sensitive to immunotherapy than those with a high PyroptosisScore. Conclusions: Our findings revealed the crucial role of pyroptosis in maintaining the diversity and complexity of TME. Pyroptosis is closely related to tumor progression, tumor prognosis, and immunotherapy response. Evaluating the PyroptosisScore of a single tumor can assist in understanding the characteristics of TME infiltration and lead to the development of more effective immunotherapy strategies.

Indexed as

Tumor MicroenvironmentBreast NeoplasmsCluster AnalysisDisease ProgressionFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansImmunotherapyPrognosisPyroptosisSeverity of Illness Indexbreast cancerimmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)immunotherapypyroptosistumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID34659246
PMCPMC8515898
OpenAlexW3204698434

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.