ReviewFrontiers in immunology
Hyperinflammatory Immune Response and COVID-19: A Double Edged Sword.
Review in Frontiers in immunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination on serum anti-Mullerian hormone: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Pooled it
- Infliximab Pharmacokinetics, Dosing, and Response in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Secondary Analysis of a Multinational Randomized Clinical Trial (ACTIV-1 IM).Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Abatacept Pharmacokinetics and Exposure Response in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Secondary Analysis of the ACTIV-1 IM Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Efficacy and safety of baricitinib plus standard of care for the treatment of critically ill hospitalised adults with COVID-19 on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an exploratory, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2022Trial
- Prognostic Value of the Lactate-to-Albumin and C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratios in COVID-19-Associated ARDS.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- 12-Lipoxygenase (12-LOX) plays a key role in the hyperinflammatory response caused by SARS-CoV-2.mBio · 2026Article
- Lung Microbiome Diversity, Infection Dynamics, and Microbe-Mediated Cross-Protection.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Article
- The adult nasal mucosa is defined by distinct immune profiles that modulate in-vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Research progress on self-assembled supramolecular bioactive materials from herbal natural products and their applications in anti-infection field.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Antiviral Activity of Pyrazolopyrimidine and Triazolopyrimidine Derivatives Against SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro: Identifying PZP25 as a Promising Scaffold.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The adult nasal mucosa is defined by distinct immune profiles that modulate in-vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection.Research square · 2026Article
- Metabolic score for visceral fat profiles and incident cardiovascular disease in adults with CKM syndrome stages 0-3: a CHARLS longitudinal study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- Increasing the Chemical Space of L-SIGN Specific Glycomimetics.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- SerpinB3/Protease Activated Receptor-2 Axis Is Essential for SARS CoV-2 Infection.ACS infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- From Viral Infection to Malignancy: The Dual Threat of EBV and COVID-19 in Cancer Development.Viruses · 2025Review
- A Machine Learning Approach to Understanding the Genetic Role in COVID-19 Prognosis: The Influence of Gene Polymorphisms Related to Inflammation, Vitamin D, andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Single-cell Analysis of Intracellular Transport and Expression of Cell Surface Proteins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused devastating health, economic and social impact worldwide. Its clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic to respiratory failure and multi-organ failure or death. The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is attributed to a complex interplay between virus and host immune response. It involves activation of multiple inflammatory pathways leading to hyperinflammation and cytokine storm, resulting in tissue damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure. Accumulating evidence has raised concern over the long-term health effects of COVID-19. Importantly, the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 may have devastating consequences in the brain. This review provides a conceptual framework on how the virus tricks the host immune system to induce infection and cause severe disease. We also explore the key differences between mild and severe COVID-19 and its short- and long-term effects, particularly on the human brain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.