Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34657611›Full record

ArticleLipids in health and disease2021

Association of remnant cholesterol with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a general population-based study.

Yang Zou, Jianyun Lan, Yanjia Zhong, Shuo Yang, Huimin Zhang, Guobo Xie

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Lipids in health and disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Association between remnant cholesterol level and gout in US adults.The Journal of international medical research · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Yang ZouFrom the Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
Jianyun LanDepartment of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China, 330006.
Yanjia ZhongDepartment of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China, 330006.
Shuo YangDepartment of Cardiology, Dean County People's Hospital, Jiujiang, People's Republic of China, 330400.
Huimin ZhangDepartment of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China, 330006.
Guobo XieDepartment of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China, 330006. xgb19810830@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5020-4920
Nanchang University · CNJiujiang First People's Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRemnant cholesterol (RC) mediates the progression of coronary artery disease, diabetic complications, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Limited information is available on the association of RC with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to explore whether RC can be used to independently evaluate the risk of NAFLD in the general population and to analyze the predictive value of RC for NAFLD.

methodsThe study included 14,251 subjects enrolled in a health screening program. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasound, and the association of RC with NAFLD was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression equation.

resultsSubjects with elevated RC had a significantly higher risk of developing NAFLD after fully adjusting for potential confounding factors (OR 1.77 per SD increase, 95% CI 1.64-1.91, P trend< 0.001). There were significant differences in this association among sex, BMI and age stratification. Compared with men, women were facing a higher risk of RC-related NAFLD. Compared with people with normal BMI, overweight and obesity, the risk of RC-related NAFLD was higher in thin people. In different age stratifications, when RC increased, young people had a higher risk of developing NAFLD than other age groups. Additionally, ROC analysis results showed that among all lipid parameters, the AUC of RC was the largest (women: 0.81; men: 0.74), and the best threshold for predicting NAFLD was 0.54 in women and 0.63 in men.

conclusionsThe results obtained from this study indicate that (1) in the general population, RC is independently associated with NAFLD but not with other risk factors. (2) Compared with traditional lipid parameters, RC has a better predictive ability for NAFLD in men.

Indexed as

AdultCholesterolCholesterol, VLDLChylomicron RemnantsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLipoproteinsMaleMiddle AgedNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsROC CurveTriglyceridesCholesterolCholesterol, VLDLChylomicron Remnantslipoprotein cholesterolLipoproteinsTriglyceridesGeneral populationLipid parametersNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseRemnant cholesterol

Identifiers

PMID34657611
PMCPMC8520640
OpenAlexW3205282335

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.