ArticleXenotransplantation2021
Humanized von Willebrand factor reduces platelet sequestration in ex vivo and in vivo xenotransplant models.
Article in Xenotransplantation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Comparative Outcomes Analysis of NHP Liver Allotransplants and Xenotransplants.XenotransplantationPooled it
- Longitudinal multiomics profiling of extracorporeal cross-circulation with pig liver xenografts in human decedents.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Graft-derived VWF drives platelet activation and thrombocytopenia during porcine liver xenotransplantation to brain-dead human recipients.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Liver Xenotransplantation: From Early Primate Trials to the First-in-Human Porcine Bridging Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Extracorporeal liver cross-circulation using transgenic xenogeneic pig livers with brain-dead human decedents.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Neu5Gc and beyond: sialylation at the innate immune and thromboinflammatory interface of xenotransplantation.Frontiers in transplantation · 2026Review
- Modern xenotransplantation: rewiring glycan-mediated immunogenicity via genome-glycome convergence.EBioMedicine · 2026Review
- Platelet Activation on Lung Function During Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion, Lung Transplantation, and the Role of Antiplatelet Therapy: A Narrative Review.Transplantation direct · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing medicine: Exploring the breakthroughs in liver xenotransplantation.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2025Review
- Addressing glycan and hematological barriers in pig-to-nonhuman primate liver xenotransplantation: challenges and future directions.Clinical transplantation and research · 2025Review
- Characterizing coagulation responses in humans and nonhuman primates following kidney xenotransplantation-A narrative review.American journal of hematology · 2025Review
- Pig Lung Xenotransplantation: Barriers on the Road to Clinical Translation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Physiological basis for xenotransplantation from genetically modified pigs to humans.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- Complement, Coagulation, and Fibrinolysis: The Role of the Endothelium and Its Glycocalyx Layer in Xenotransplantation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
- Future of Lung Transplantation: Xenotransplantation and Bioengineering Lungs.Clinics in chest medicine · 2023Review
- Progress in xenotransplantation: overcoming immune barriers.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2022Review
- Knock-out of N-glycolylneuraminic acid attenuates antibody-mediated rejection in xenogenically perfused porcine lungs.Xenotransplantation · 2022Article
- Pig heart and lung xenotransplantation: Present status.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2022Article
- Effects of human TFPI and CD47 expression and selectin and integrin inhibition during GalTKO.hCD46 pig lung perfusion with human blood.Xenotransplantation · 2022Article
- Genetic engineering of pigs for xenotransplantation to overcome immune rejection and physiological incompatibilities: The first clinical steps.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The transplantation of organs across species offers the potential to solve the shortage of human organs. While activation of human platelets by human von Willebrand factor (vWF) requires vWF activation by shear stress, contact between human platelets and porcine vWF (pvWF) leads to spontaneous platelet adhesion and activation. This non-physiologic interaction may contribute to the thrombocytopenia and coagulation pathway dysregulation often associated with xenotransplantation of pig organs in nonhuman primates. Pigs genetically modified to decrease antibody and complement-dependent rejection (GTKO.hCD46) were engineered to express humanized pvWF (h*pvWF) by replacing a pvWF gene region that encodes the glycoprotein Ib-binding site with human cDNA orthologs. This modification corrected for non-physiologic human platelet aggregation on exposure to pig plasma, while preserving in vitro platelet activation by collagen. Organs from pigs with h*pvWF demonstrated reduced platelet sequestration during lung (p ≤ .01) and liver (p ≤ .038 within 4 h) perfusion ex vivo with human blood and after pig-to-baboon lung transplantation (p ≤ .007). Residual platelet sequestration and activation were not prevented by the blockade of canonical platelet adhesion pathways. The h*pvWF modification prevents physiologically inappropriate activation of human or baboon platelets by porcine vWF, addressing one cause of the thrombocytopenia and platelet activation observed with xenotransplantation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.