ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2022
Kidney length normative values in children aged 0-19 years - a multicenter study.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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34 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Clinical and prognostic characteristics of renal hypodysplasia in children: insights from a 10-year single-center cohort.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- US-derived Pediatric Kidney Length and Volume Percentiles by Age: A Big Data Approach.Radiology. Artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- Optimizing Kidney Allograft Years: Underutilization of Pediatric Donors.Transplantation direct · 2026Article
- Ultrasound assessment of larynx and trachea in the neonatal period-reference values.European radiology · 2026Observational
- Sonographic Anatomy and Normal Measurements of the Human Kidneys: A Comprehensive Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Descriptive cohort study of transient isolated tubular acidosis in early childhood: experience from a rare kidney disease expert center.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Neonatal Renal Ultrasound Reference Values in Romanian Term Newborns: Correlations with Anthropometric Characteristics.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Reduced kidney function in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants at preschool age.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Long-Term Impact of Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury on Renal Function in Children Born Preterm: A Follow-Up Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Genetic Variants in Children withMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Kidney volume measurement and predictive modeling in children aged 0-18 years using a computer-assisted surgery system.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long-term kidney outcomes in survivors of Wilms tumor: a single-center retrospective cohort study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Clinical spectrum, genetics and management insights of PAX2-related disorder in nine children.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Kidney volume and function of low-birth-weight children at 5 years: impact of singleton and twin birth.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Chronic kidney disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Assessment of Kidney Function Discrepancies in Pediatric CAKUT Patients Using Bedside Schwartz Equation and Renal Scintigraphy.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Kidney volume normative values in Central European children aged 0-19 years: a multicenter study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCurrently used pediatric kidney length normative values are based on small single-center studies, do not include kidney function assessment, and focus mostly on newborns and infants. We aimed to develop ultrasound-based kidney length normative values derived from a large group of European Caucasian children with normal kidney function.
methodsOut of 1,782 children aged 0-19 years, 1,758 individuals with no present or past kidney disease and normal estimated glomerular filtration rate had sonographic assessment of kidney length. The results were correlated with anthropometric parameters and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Kidney length was correlated with age, height, body surface area, and body mass index. Height-related kidney length curves and table were generated using the LMS method. Multivariate regression analysis with collinearity checks was used to evaluate kidney length predictors.
resultsThere was no significant difference in kidney size in relation to height between boys and girls. We found significant (p < 0.001), but clinically unimportant (Cohen's D effect size = 0.04 and 0.06) differences between prone vs. supine position (mean paired difference = 0.64 mm, 95% CI = 0.49-0.77) and left vs. right kidneys (mean paired difference = 1.03 mm, 95% CI = 0.83-1.21), respectively. For kidney length prediction, the highest coefficient correlation was observed with height (adjusted R
conclusionsWe present height-related LMS-percentile curves and tables of kidney length which may serve as normative values for kidney length in children from birth to 19 years of age. The most significant predictor of kidney length was statural height.
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