ReviewAutonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical2021
Stress and the "extended" autonomic system.
Review in Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Stabilized adaptive states in microbiome-human integrated physiology: reframing health and chronic disease as symbiotic biological states.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of acupuncture inclusion in the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol on tumor patient gastrointestinal function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Examining the Effectiveness of Breathwork to Improve Resilience and Psychological Wellbeing While Reducing Anxiety, Depression, Stress, and Insomnia in Paramedicine Students: A Single-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2026Trial
- Catecholamine metabolism revisited: from neurochemistry to integrative physiology and pathophysiology.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- The phoenix sepsis score for high mortality risk identification and prognostic predict in pediatric liver transplant recipients.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Central neurons encode interleukin-1β signals and mediate stress-induced inflammation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- The Burden of Preoperative Stress: Biological Mechanisms and Postoperative Outcomes.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Peripheral catecholamine systems: an evolutionary perspective.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2025Review
- Stress-Induced Disruption of Circadian and Neuroimmune Networks in Lacrimal Glands Drives Dry Eye Pathogenesis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Neurogenic organ dysfunction syndrome after acute brain injury.Military Medical Research · 2025Review
- Discovery of Personalized Treatment for Immuno-Metabolic Depression-Focus on 11beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 (11betaHSD2) and Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Inhibition with Enoxolone.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Work-Related Stress and Glucose Regulation in Air Traffic Control Officers: Implications for Medical Certification.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Facial Temperature Responses to Ostracism in Women: Exploring Nasal Thermal Signatures of Different Coping Behaviors.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Stress tests and biomarkers of resilience: Proceedings of the second state of resilience science conference.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Article
- Review
- Case Report: The intersection of psychiatry and medicine: diagnostic and ethical insights from case studies.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neurological, psychological, psychosocial complications of long-COVID and their management.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Nrf1 acts as a highly-conserved determinon for maintaining robust redox homeostasis in the eco-evo-devo process of life histories.Cell stress · 2025Review
- Vagus nerve stimulation: Novel concept for the treatment of glioblastoma and solid cancers by cytokine (interleukin-6) reduction, attenuating the SASP, enhancing tumor immunity.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Review
- Infant emotion regulation in the context of stress: Effects of heart rate variability and temperament.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
This review updates three key concepts of autonomic neuroscience-stress, the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and homeostasis. Hans Selye popularized stress as a scientific idea. He defined stress variously as a stereotyped response pattern, a state that evokes this pattern, or a stimulus that evokes the state. According to the "homeostat" theory stress is a condition where a comparator senses a discrepancy between sensed afferent input and a response algorithm, the integrated error signal eliciting specific patterns of altered effector outflows. Scientific advances since Langley's definition of the ANS have incited the proposal here of the "extended autonomic system," or EAS, for three reasons. (1) Several neuroendocrine systems are bound inextricably to Langley's ANS. The first to be described, by Cannon in the early 1900s, involves the hormone adrenaline, the main effector chemical of the sympathetic adrenergic system. Other neuroendocrine systems are the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system, the arginine vasopressin system, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. (2) An evolving body of research links the ANS complexly with inflammatory/immune systems, including vagal anti-inflammatory and catecholamine-related inflammasomal components. (3) A hierarchical network of brain centers (the central autonomic network, CAN) regulates ANS outflows. Embedded within the CAN is the central stress system conceptualized by Chrousos and Gold. According to the allostasis concept, homeostatic input-output curves can be altered in an anticipatory, feed-forward manner; and prolonged or inappropriate allostatic adjustments increase wear-and-tear (allostatic load), resulting in chronic, stress-related, multi-system disorders. This review concludes with sections on clinical and therapeutic implications of the updated concepts offered here.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.