ArticleWomen's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health
Racial Differences in the Association between the U.S. Earned Income Tax Credit and Birthweight.
Article in Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lifetime Patterns of Earned Income Tax Credit Eligibility and Cognition: A Sequence Analysis Approach.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- The Newest Federalism and Population Health.The Milbank quarterly · 2026Article
- Critical Windows for Perinatal Health: Evaluating the Impacts of Timing of Poverty Alleviation Benefits.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Conducting Actionable Economic Policy Research to Address Community Violence Inequities.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2026Article
- Impacts of the 2021 child tax credit advance monthly payments on birth outcomes in the United States: a natural experiment.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Health Effects of the 2021 Earned Income Tax Credit Expansion on Young Adults Without Children.The Milbank quarterly · 2025Article
- Hungry no More? The Joint Impact of Minimum Wages and the Earned Income Tax Credit on Food Insecurity.Health economics · 2025Article
- "It's confusing as hell": a qualitative study of barriers accessing poverty alleviation benefits through the US Earned Income Tax Credit.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Take-up of the 2021 child tax credit expansion among disadvantaged households in California: Continuing barriers to health equity.Annals of epidemiology · 2025Article
- The association of increased SNAP benefits during COVID-19 with food insufficiency and anxiety among US adults: a quasi-experimental study.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review to Identify Community- and Societal-Level Strategies Evaluated from 2013 to 2023 for Their Potential Impact on Child Well-Being in the United States.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Revisiting the effects of state earned income tax credits on infant health: a quasi-experimental study using contiguous border counties approach.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Structural Racism and Well-Being Among Young People in the U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Estimating the effect of timing of earned income tax credit refunds on perinatal outcomes: a quasi-experimental study of California births.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Potential gaps in income support policies for those in poor health: The case of the earned income tax credit-A cross sectional analysis.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Potential mechanisms linking poverty alleviation and health: an analysis of benefit spending among recipients of the U.S. earned income tax credit.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Association of State-Level Tax Policy and Infant Mortality in the United States, 1996-2019.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Effects Of The 2021 Expanded Child Tax Credit On Adults' Mental Health: A Quasi-Experimental Study.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe examined whether the largest U.S. poverty alleviation program for families, the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), has different associations with birthweight among women of different racial backgrounds.
designWe analyzed data from the 1985-2015 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a longitudinal cohort study of U.S. families (N = 5,230 infants born to 3,672 women). The primary outcome was a continuous measure of birthweight, with secondary outcomes including low birthweight (LBW) and very LBW. Using rich sociodemographic data available in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we calculated the amount of EITC benefit for which women were eligible. We then examined the association of EITC benefit size with each outcome using multivariable regressions, examining the sample overall as well as racial subgroups (White, Black, or other).
resultsWe found that larger EITC benefits were not associated with increased infant birthweight for the overall sample (18.37 g per $1,000 of EITC; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.62 to 33.36). There was an increase in birthweight for Black women (40.17 g; 95% CI: 7.32 to 73.02), but not for White women (-1.86 g; 95% CI, -33.33 to 29.60) or women of other races (-13.26 g; 95% CI, -75.90 to 49.38). There was no association between EITC benefit size and the probability of LBW or very LBW. Results were robust to alternative model specifications.
conclusionsSocial policies to address poverty may be effective at decreasing racial disparities in birthweight. Future work should examine potential mechanisms and the benefits of improved health outcomes for children later in life.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.