ArticleBMC oral health2021
First trimester exposure to ambient gaseous air pollutants and risk of orofacial clefts: a case-control study in Changsha, China.
Article in BMC oral health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between gestational exposure and risk of orofacial clefts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- Preconception and Early Pregnancy Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Risk of Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Case-Control Study Using Single-Pollutant, Multi-Pollutant, and Mixture-Based Analyses.Birth defects research · 2026Article
- The Correlation between Oral Health and Air Pollution: A Systematic Review.Dentistry journal · 2024Review
- Contemporary Prevalence of Oral Clefts in the US: Geographic and Socioeconomic Considerations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Distribution of maternal risk factors for orofacial cleft in infants in Indonesia: a multicenter prospective study.Archives of craniofacial surgery · 2024Article
- Association between air pollutants and birth defects in Xiamen, China.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Modifiable Risk Factors of Non-Syndromic Orofacial Clefts: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA growing body of studies have investigated the association between air pollution exposure during early pregnancy and the risk of orofacial clefts, but these studies put more emphasis on particulate matter and reported inconsistent results, while research on the independent effects of gaseous air pollutants on orofacial clefts has been quite inadequate, especially in China.
methodsA case-control study was conducted in Changsha, China from 2015 to 2018. A total of 446 cases and 4460 controls were included in the study. Daily concentrations of CO, NO
resultsIncrease in CO, NO
conclusionsOur study suggested that maternal exposure to CO, NO
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.