ArticleBMC immunology2021
Soluble programmed death molecule 1 (sPD-1) as a predictor of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis.
Article in BMC immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic methods of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review.Rheumatology international · 2026Pooled it
- Detection of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Review
- Exploring the Role of PD-1 in the Autoimmune Response: Insights into Its Implication in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Soluble Programmed Cell Death 1 Protein Is a Promising Biomarker to Predict Severe Liver Inflammation in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Article
- Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Role of sPD-1 and sPD-Ls in the pathogenesis of connective tissue disease.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2023Article
- Unmet needs and perspectives in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: A critical review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have indicated that the programmed death molecule 1 (PD-1) signaling pathway may play a key role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is not clear. We examined the serum levels of soluble PD-1 in patients with RA and its relationship with RA-ILD.
methodsBlood samples were obtained from 87 patients with RA (58 with ILD and 29 without ILD) and 45 healthy controls. Serum sPD-1 was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The pulmonary interstitial disease score was completed by a pulmonary physician and a radiologist through chest high-resolution computed tomography. Patients with RA-ILD were tested for lung function [e.g., forced vital capacity (FVC%), diffusing capacity of lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO%)]. Associations between ILD and various markers, including sPD-1 and confounding factors, were investigated by logistic regression analysis. Diagnostic values of sPD-1 for the presence of ILD were investigated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
resultsSerum sPD-1 levels were higher in RA patients with ILD than in RA patients without ILD and healthy controls (185.1 ± 109.0 pg/ml vs. 119.1 ± 77.5 pg/ml vs. 52.1 ± 21.7 pg/ml, P < 0.05). Serum sPD-1 levels were positively correlated with RF titer (P = 0.02, r = 0.249), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody status (P = 0.02, r = 0.243), and serum IgG levels (P < 0.001, r = 0.368), negatively associated with FVC% (P = 0.02, r = - 0.344), forced expiratory volume (FEV1%) (P = 0.01, r = - 0.354), total lung capacity (TLC%) (P = 0.046, r = - 0.302), and was independently associated with the presence of ILD in RA patients by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of sPD-1 levels for the detection of ILD in RA patients were 58.6% and 75.9%, respectively. The area under the curve was 0.689.
conclusionSerum sPD-1 levels were increased in RA patients with ILD. Increased sPD-1 may be a valuable biomarker to predict the presence of ILD in patients with RA.
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