ArticleJournal of ethnopharmacology2022
Anti-inflammatory effect of Kaba Sura Kudineer (AYUSH approved COVID-19 drug)-A Siddha poly-herbal formulation against lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory response in RAW-264.7 macrophages cells.
Article in Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ficus virens in neurotherapeutics: bridging ethnomedicinal evidence with Nrf2/Keap1 and neuroinflammatory mechanisms.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Integrating Traditional Medicine with Conventional Therapies to Combat Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review.Current molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Potential relationships between circulating gene expression ofJournal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Article
- Sono-Controllable Janus Hydrogel Platform for Sequential Tumor Eradication and Bone Regeneration in Metastatic Breast Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as dual COX-2/ACE2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Synergistic Antioxidant Activity ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The GC-MS Analysis of Kabasura Kudineer: A Vital Siddha Drug in COVID-19 Therapy.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- The Remarkable Roles of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) and Its Soluble Isoforms in COVID-19: The Importance of RAGE Pathway in the Lung Injuries.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2023Review
- Interleukin-10 as Covid-19 biomarker targeting KSK and its analogues: Integrated network pharmacology.PloS one · 2023Article
- Novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives: design, synthesis, molecular docking, molecular simulations and biological evaluations as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- Spotlight on therapeutic efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells in viral infections with a focus on COVID-19.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Review
- Safety and efficacy of a Siddha Medicine fixed regimen for the treatment of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients.Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicineArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
ethnopharmacological relevanceMedicinal importance and potential activity of Siddha herbal formulations have proved over several centuries against a wide range of causative agents as Influenza, Dengue, Chikungunya, and Tuberculosis. The traditional medicine system of Siddha is a valuable therapeutic approach for treating viral respiratory infections like Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and can be effectively employed to target the host response and preventive care to boost the immune system. Kaba Sura Kudineer (KSK), an official polyherbal formulation has been used in Siddha traditional medicine for centuries. However, the role of KSK in regulating inflammation and the underlying molecular mechanisms has remained elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY: The goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of KSK using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. MATERIALS AND
methodsRaw 264.7 murine macrophage cells were used for this study. The Inflammatory mediators and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The NF-κB nulcear translocation and protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 was analyzed with westernblot.
resultsKSK supplementation decreased LPS mediated TLR-4 production and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2 and PGE-2. Moreover, it inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and thereby inhibited the expression of iNOS in the cell. The Western blot analysis further confirmed that KSK strongly prevented the LPS-induced degradation of IκB which is normally required for the activation of NF-κB and hereby suppressed nuclear translocation of NF-κB. The protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 was significantly decreased with the presence of KSK treatment. Results suggested that KSK manipulates its anti-inflammatory effects mainly through blocking the TLR mediated NF-κB signal transduction pathways.
conclusionsTogether, this study has proven that KSK could be a potential therapeutic drug for alleviating excessive inflammation in many inflammation-associated diseases like COVID-19.
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