Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34650654›Full record

ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2021

Access barriers to maternal healthcare services in selected hard-to-reach areas of Zambia: a mixed methods design.

Chris Mweemba, Miriam Mapulanga, Choolwe Jacobs, Patricia Katowa-Mukwato, Margaret Maimbolwa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. The Indonesia pre-eclampsia study (INAPRES): Pregnancy outcomes in pregnancy with pre-eclampsia in Indonesia.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chris MweembaDepartment of Health Policy, Systems and Management, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Miriam MapulangaDepartment of Public Health, University of Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia.
Choolwe JacobsDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Patricia Katowa-MukwatoSchool of Nursing Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Margaret MaimbolwaSchool of Nursing Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionpoor access to maternal health services is a one of the major contributing factors to maternal deaths in low-resource settings, and understanding access barriers to maternal services is an important step for targeting interventions aimed at promoting institutional delivery and improving maternal health. This study explored access barriers to maternal and antenatal services in Kaputa and Ngabwe; two of Zambia´s rural and hard-to-reach districts.

methodsa concurrent mixed methods approach was therefore, undertaken to exploring three access dimensions, namely availability, affordability and acceptability, in the two districts. Structured interviews were conducted among 190 eligible women in both districts, while key informant interviews, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted for the qualitative component.

resultsthe study found that respondents were happy with facilities´ opening and closing times in both districts. By comparison, however, women in Ngabwe spent significantly more time traveling to facilities than those in Kaputa, with bad roads and transport challenges cited as factors affecting service use. The requirement to have a traditional birth attendant (TBA) accompany a woman when going to deliver from the facility, and paying these TBAs, was a notable access barrier. Generally, services seemed to be more acceptable in Kaputa than in Ngabwe, though both districts complained about long queues, being delivered by male health workers and having delivery rooms next to male wards.

conclusionbased on the indicators of access used in this study, maternal health services seemed to be more accessible in Kaputa compared to Ngabwe.

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityAdolescentAdultFemaleFocus GroupsHumansInterviews as TopicMaternal HealthMaternal Health ServicesMiddle AgedMidwiferyPregnancyPrenatal CareRural PopulationSocioeconomic FactorsYoung AdultacceptabilityAccessaffordabilityantenatal careavailabilitymaternal health

Identifiers

PMID34650654
PMCPMC8490167

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.