Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34650232›Full record

ArticleThe ISME journal2022

Kin discrimination drives territorial exclusion during Bacillus subtilis swarming and restrains exploitation of surfactin.

Barbara Kraigher, Monika Butolen, Polonca Stefanic, Ines Mandic Mulec

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The ISME journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

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  14. The putative role of the epipeptide EpeX inMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Barbara KraigherChair of Microbiology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. barbara.kraigher@bf.uni-lj.si.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3345-272X
Monika ButolenChair of Microbiology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Polonca StefanicChair of Microbiology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9444-597X
Ines Mandic MulecChair of Microbiology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. ines.mandicmulec@bf.uni-lj.si.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-3255

Funding

CELLULAR AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CELL DEATHR01AG009302 · NIA · PURDUE UNIVERSITY WEST LAFAYETTE · PI READY, DONALD F · 1990 to 1992
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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Swarming is the collective movement of bacteria across a surface. It requires the production of surfactants (public goods) to overcome surface tension and provides an excellent model to investigate bacterial cooperation. Previously, we correlated swarm interaction phenotypes with kin discrimination between B. subtilis soil isolates, by showing that less related strains form boundaries between swarms and highly related strains merge. However, how kin discrimination affects cooperation and territoriality in swarming bacteria remains little explored. Here we show that the pattern of surface colonization by swarming mixtures is influenced by kin types. Closely related strain mixtures colonize the surface in a mixed swarm, while mixtures of less related strains show competitive exclusion as only one strain colonizes the surface. The outcome of nonkin swarm expansion depends on the initial ratio of the competing strains, indicating positive frequency-dependent competition. We find that addition of surfactin (a public good excreted from cells) can complement the swarming defect of nonkin mutants, whereas close encounters in nonkin mixtures lead to territorial exclusion, which limits the exploitation of surfactin by nonkin nonproducers. The work suggests that kin discrimination driven competitive territorial exclusion may be an important determinant for the success of cooperative surface colonization.

Indexed as

Bacillus subtilisTerritorialityPhenotype

Identifiers

PMID34650232
PMCPMC8857193

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.