ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2022
Serum Biomarkers of Iron Status and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between serum ferritin level and the various stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Systemic Iron Status and Risk of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Hemochromatosis and Hepatic Complications: A Comprehensive Review of Molecular Mechanisms, Diagnostics, and Emerging Therapeutics.Current molecular medicine · 2026Review
- A novel clinical FIT model predicts prognosis of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TACE combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting the Liver Serine Protease TMPRSS6 Ameliorates Steatosis and Attenuates Fibrosis in Experimental MASLD.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Exploring the Role of Metabolic Hyperferritinaemia (MHF) in Steatotic Liver Disease (SLD) and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).Cancers · 2025Review
- Review
- Iron and cancer: overview of the evidence from population-based studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- A review of MASLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma: progress in pathogenesis, early detection, and therapeutic interventions.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Secondary Iron Overload and the Liver: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2023Review
- Iron metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A promising therapeutic target.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2022Review
- Prognostic role of pretreatment serum ferritin concentration in lung cancer patients: A meta-analysis.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- Risk factors and diagnostic biomarkers for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: Current evidence and future perspectives.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Review
- Role of Iron in Aging Related Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Recent advances in the application of ionomics in metabolic diseases.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a major contributor to the rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States and other developed countries. Iron, an essential metal primarily stored in hepatocytes, may play a role in the development of NAFLD-related HCC. Epidemiologic data on iron overload without hemochromatosis in relation to HCC are sparse. This study aimed to examine the associations between serum biomarkers of iron and the risk of HCC in patients with NAFLD.
methodsWe identified 18,569 patients with NAFLD using the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center electronic health records from 2004 through 2018. After an average 4.34 years of follow-up, 244 patients developed HCC. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of HCC incidence associated with elevated levels of iron biomarkers with adjustment for age, sex, race, body mass index, history of diabetes, and tobacco smoking.
resultsThe HRs (95% CIs) of HCC for clinically defined elevation of serum iron and transferrin saturation were 2.91 (1.34-6.30) and 2.02 (1.22-3.32), respectively, compared with their respective normal range. No statistically significant association was observed for total iron-binding capacity or serum ferritin with HCC risk.
conclusionsElevated levels of serum iron and transferrin saturation were significantly associated with increased risk of HCC among patients with NAFLD without hemochromatosis or other major underlying causes of chronic liver diseases. IMPACT: Clinical surveillance of serum iron level may be a potential strategy to identify patients with NAFLD who are at high risk for HCC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.