ArticleJournal of stroke2021
Soluble CD40 Levels in Plasma Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease and in Carotid Plaques with a Vulnerable Phenotype.
Article in Journal of stroke, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic Soluble and Cellular Immune Response in Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Systematic Review of Human Studies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Association between ambient temperature and thrombosis-related signaling lipids: Implications for early cardiovascular risk.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Recent approaches in the sensing strategy for the detection of cardiovascular disease biomarkers.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Soluble CD40 Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association with Serum Cytokines and Autoantibody Status.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Circulating biomarkers of carotid plaque vulnerability: current evidence, emerging markers, and barriers to clinical implementation.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Abundance of Inflammatory Response Genes Among Cardiovascular Disease and Ischemic Stroke Genes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Effects of statins on serum sCD40, sCD146 and PAPP-An in patients with coronary heart disease.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2025Article
- Multi-omics integration reveals the role of N6-methyladenosine in epilepsy, ischemic stroke, and vascular dementia.Molecular brain · 2025Article
- Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 and cardiovascular diseases: from a general perspective to an HIV infection context.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Costimulatory and Coinhibitory Immune Checkpoints in Atherosclerosis: Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis?JACC. Basic to translational science · 2024Review
- Ultrasound technology assisted colloidal nanocrystal synthesis and biomedical applications.Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2024Review
- Genetically predicted inflammatory proteins and the risk of atrial fibrillation: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Stratification of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease by Circulating Cytokines Profile: A Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Myeloid CD40 deficiency reduces atherosclerosis by impairing macrophages' transition into a pro-inflammatory state.Cardiovascular research · 2023Article
- Ferroptosis: A potential target of macrophages in plaque vulnerability.Open life sciences · 2023Review
- Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque: Is There a Molecular Signature?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Roles of Macrophages in Atherogenesis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeCD40 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) are costimulatory molecules of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and well known for their involvement in inflammatory diseases: atherosclerotic mouse models with disrupted CD40 signalling develop lesions of reduced size with a more stable plaque profile. This study investigated the potential of plasma and intraplaque levels of CD40 and CD40L as markers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in humans and their association with plaque stability.
methodsSoluble CD40 and CD40L (sCD40L) were measured in plasma in 1,437 subjects from The SUrrogate markers for Micro- and Macro-vascular hard endpoints for Innovative diabetes Tools (SUMMIT) cohort. Intra-plaque levels of sCD40 and sCD40L were measured in atherosclerotic plaque homogenates from 199 subjects of the Carotid Plaque Imaging Project (CPIP) cohort.
resultsBoth plasma sCD40 and sCD40L levels were elevated in individuals with prevalent stroke, while sCD40 levels also were higher in individuals with a prior acute myocardial infarction. Plasma levels of sCD40 correlated with carotid intima-media thickness and total carotid plaque area and were associated with risk of cardiovascular events over a 3-year follow-up period. Intra-plaque levels of sCD40 and sCD40L were associated with plaque components characteristic for plaque vulnerability and extracellular matrix remodelling.
conclusionsHigher plasma sCD40 and sCD40L levels are associated with prevalent CVD. Plasma sCD40 levels also correlate with the severity of carotid atherosclerosis and predict future cardiovascular events, while intra-plaque levels correlate with a vulnerable plaque phenotype. Our findings thus demonstrate that elevated levels of sCD40 and sCD40L are markers of CVD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.