ReviewJournal of innate immunity2022
The Role of Streptococcal Cell-Envelope Proteases in Bacterial Evasion of the Innate Immune System.
Review in Journal of innate immunity, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and Epidemiological Landscape of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Mechanisms underlying pyogenic bacterial infections of the skin.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Rational selection of antigenic targets for Group A Streptococcus vaccine: updates, challenges and opportunities.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Control of immunogenic responses of microorganism-synthesized biopolymers for 3D bioprinting tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- ImmunogenicmSphere · 2025Article
- An opportunistic pathogen under stress: how Group B Streptococcus responds to cytotoxic reactive species and conditions of metal ion imbalance to survive.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Impact of Propeptide Cleavage on the Stability and Activity of a Streptococcal Immunomodulatory C5a Peptidase for Biopharmaceutical Development.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Correlates of immunity to Group A Streptococcus: a pathway to vaccine development.NPJ vaccines · 2023Review
- Modulation of innate immunity in airway epithelium for host-directed therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- An Introduction to Bacterial Biofilms and Their Proteases, and Their Roles in Host Infection and Immune Evasion.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Exosite binding modulates the specificity of the immunomodulatory enzyme ScpA, a C5a inactivating bacterial protease.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacteria possess the ability to evolve varied and ingenious strategies to outwit the host immune system, instigating an evolutionary arms race. Proteases are amongst the many weapons employed by bacteria, which specifically cleave and neutralize key signalling molecules required for a coordinated immune response. In this article, we focus on a family of S8 subtilisin-like serine proteases expressed as cell-envelope proteases (CEPs) by group A and group B streptococci. Two of these proteases known as Streptococcus pyogenes CEP (SpyCEP) and C5a peptidase cleave the chemokine CXCL8 and the complement fragment C5a, respectively. Both CXCL8 and C5a are potent neutrophil-recruiting chemokines, and by neutralizing their activity, streptococci evade a key defence mechanism of innate immunity. We review the mechanisms by which CXCL8 and C5a recruit neutrophils and the characterization of SpyCEP and C5a peptidase, including both in vitro and in vivo studies. Recently described structural insights into the function of this CEP family are also discussed. We conclude by examining the progress of prototypic vaccines incorporating SpyCEP and C5a peptidase in their preparation. Since streptococci-producing SpyCEP and C5a peptidase are responsible for a considerable global disease burden, targeting these proteases by vaccination strategies or by small-molecule antagonists should provide protection from and promote the resolution of streptococcal infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.